アイヌ語追加 (#428) (#433)

Reviewed-on: #433
Co-authored-by: miteruzo <miteruzo@naver.com>

backend/spec/factories/tags.rb

@@ -24,17 +24,7 @@ FactoryBot.define do
 
       evaluator.primary_tag_name.update!(tag:, primary_flg: true)
 
-      Locale.where(deprecated_at: nil).order(:language_code, :created_at, :script_code).to_a
-          .uniq(&:language_code).each do |locale|
-        next if tag.tag_names.exists?(language_code: locale.language_code,
-                                      primary_flg: true)
-
-        create(:tag_name,
-            tag:, language_code: locale.language_code,
-            script_code: locale.script_code,
-            name: TagName.generate_name(locale, tag, evaluator.primary_tag_name),
-            primary_flg: true, auto_generated: true)
-      end
+      TagNameCompletion.for_tag!(tag)
     end
   end
 end

backend/spec/models/language_spec.rb

@@ -6,9 +6,8 @@ RSpec.describe Language, type: :model do
     expect(described_class.where(deprecated_at: nil).pluck(:code)).to eq(['ja'])
   end
 
-  it 'accepts English when multilingual support is enabled' do
-    pending '日本語以外の Language 有効化は別課題で実装する'
-    expect { described_class.create!(code: 'en', name: 'English') }
+  it 'accepts Ainu when multilingual support is enabled' do
+    expect { described_class.create!(code: 'ain', name: 'ain') }
         .to change(described_class, :count).by(1)
   end
 

backend/spec/models/locale_activation_spec.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+require 'rails_helper'
+
+RSpec.describe 'Locale activation', type: :model do
+  let!(:language) { Language.create!(code: 'ain', name: 'ain') }
+  let!(:script) { Script.create!(code: 'Kana', name: 'Kana') }
+  let!(:first) { create(:tag, primary_name: 'activation_first') }
+  let!(:second) { create(:tag, primary_name: 'activation_second') }
+
+  def build_locale deprecated_at: nil
+    Locale.new(code: 'ain-Kana', language_code: language.code,
+               script_code: script.code, region_code: 392, variants: '',
+               name: 'ain-Kana', deprecated_at:)
+  end
+
+  def generated_names
+    TagName.where(language_code: 'ain', primary_flg: true)
+  end
+
+  def fail_second_generation!
+    allow(TagName).to receive(:generate_name).and_call_original
+    allow(TagName).to receive(:generate_name)
+        .with(kind_of(Locale), second, second.tag_name('ja'))
+        .and_raise('backfill failed')
+  end
+
+  it 'rolls back a newly created locale and the preceding generated names' do
+    locale = build_locale
+    fail_second_generation!
+
+    expect { locale.save! }.to raise_error('backfill failed')
+
+    expect(Locale.exists?(code: 'ain-Kana')).to be(false)
+    expect(generated_names).to be_empty
+    expect(first.reload.name('ja')).to eq('activation_first')
+    expect(second.reload.name('ja')).to eq('activation_second')
+  end
+
+  it 'does not backfill while the locale is inactive' do
+    build_locale(deprecated_at: Time.current).save!
+
+    expect(generated_names).to be_empty
+  end
+
+  it 'backfills missing primary names when the locale becomes active' do
+    locale = build_locale(deprecated_at: Time.current)
+    locale.save!
+
+    locale.update!(deprecated_at: nil)
+
+    expect(generated_names.pluck(:tag_id)).to contain_exactly(first.id, second.id)
+    expect(generated_names).to all(have_attributes(
+        script_code: 'Kana', primary_flg: true, auto_generated: true))
+  end
+
+  it 'rolls back activation and all generated names when backfill fails' do
+    locale = build_locale(deprecated_at: Time.current)
+    locale.save!
+    previous_deprecated_at = locale.reload.deprecated_at
+    fail_second_generation!
+
+    expect { locale.update!(deprecated_at: nil) }.to raise_error('backfill failed')
+
+    expect(locale.reload.deprecated_at).to eq(previous_deprecated_at)
+    expect(generated_names).to be_empty
+  end
+
+  it 'preserves a human primary through deactivation and repeated activation' do
+    locale = build_locale
+    locale.save!
+    primary = generated_names.find_by!(tag: first)
+    primary.update!(name: 'human_confirmed', auto_generated: false)
+    snapshot = generated_names.order(:id).map(&:attributes)
+
+    2.times do
+      locale.update!(deprecated_at: Time.current)
+      locale.update!(deprecated_at: nil)
+    end
+
+    expect(generated_names.order(:id).map(&:attributes)).to eq(snapshot)
+    expect(primary.reload).to have_attributes(name: 'human_confirmed', auto_generated: false)
+  end
+end

backend/spec/models/locale_spec.rb

@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
 require 'rails_helper'
 
 RSpec.describe Locale, type: :model do
-  include_context 'English locale'
+  include_context 'Ainu locale'
 
-  def create_english_locale!
-    prepare_english_reference!
-    described_class.create!(code: 'en', language_code: 'en',
-                            script_code: 'Latn', region_code: 826,
-                            variants: '', name: 'English')
+  def create_ainu_locale!
+    prepare_ainu_reference!
+    described_class.create!(code: 'ain-Kana', language_code: 'ain',
+                            script_code: 'Kana', region_code: 392,
+                            variants: '', name: 'Ainu')
   end
 
   it 'keeps the active Nipponese locale consistent with its identity tuple' do
@@ -27,7 +27,6 @@ RSpec.describe Locale, type: :model do
   end
 
   it 'generates a primary name for every existing tag using the name generator' do
-    pending '日本語以外の Locale 有効化は別課題で実装する'
     first = create(:tag, primary_name: 'first_existing_tag')
     second = create(:tag, primary_name: 'second_existing_tag')
     allow(TagName).to receive(:generate_name).and_call_original
@@ -35,95 +34,152 @@ RSpec.describe Locale, type: :model do
         .with(kind_of(described_class), first, primary_tag_name_for(first, 'ja'))
         .and_return('name_from_generator')
 
-    locale = create_english_locale!
+    locale = create_ainu_locale!
 
     expect(TagName).to have_received(:generate_name)
         .with(locale, first, primary_tag_name_for(first, 'ja'))
     expect(TagName).to have_received(:generate_name)
         .with(locale, second, primary_tag_name_for(second, 'ja'))
-    expect(first.tag_names.find_by!(language_code: 'en', primary_flg: true))
+    expect(first.tag_names.find_by!(language_code: 'ain', primary_flg: true))
         .to have_attributes(name: 'name_from_generator', tag_id: first.id,
-                            language_code: 'en', script_code: 'Latn',
+                            language_code: 'ain', script_code: 'Kana',
                             primary_flg: true, auto_generated: true)
-    expect(second.tag_names.find_by!(language_code: 'en', primary_flg: true))
-        .to have_attributes(tag_id: second.id, language_code: 'en',
-                            script_code: 'Latn', primary_flg: true,
+    expect(second.tag_names.find_by!(language_code: 'ain', primary_flg: true))
+        .to have_attributes(tag_id: second.id, language_code: 'ain',
+                            script_code: 'Kana', primary_flg: true,
                             auto_generated: true)
-    expect(TagName.where(language_code: 'en', primary_flg: true,
+    expect(TagName.where(language_code: 'ain', primary_flg: true,
                          tag_id: [first.id, second.id]).count).to eq(2)
   end
 
   it 'does not duplicate an existing primary name in the new language' do
-    pending '日本語以外の Locale 有効化は別課題で実装する'
-    prepare_english_reference!
+    prepare_ainu_reference!
     tag = create(:tag, primary_name: 'already_named')
-    existing = create(:tag_name, name: 'existing_english', tag:,
-                                 language_code: 'en', script_code: 'Latn')
+    existing = create(:tag_name, name: 'existing_ainu', tag:,
+                                 language_code: 'ain', script_code: 'Kana')
+    versions_before = tag.tag_versions.order(:version_no).map(&:attributes)
 
-    create_english_locale!
+    create_ainu_locale!
 
-    expect(TagName.where(tag_id: tag.id, language_code: 'en', primary_flg: true))
+    expect(TagName.where(tag_id: tag.id, language_code: 'ain', primary_flg: true))
         .to contain_exactly(existing)
     expect(existing.reload).to have_attributes(
-        tag_id: tag.id, language_code: 'en', script_code: 'Latn',
+        tag_id: tag.id, language_code: 'ain', script_code: 'Kana',
         primary_flg: true, auto_generated: false)
+    expect(tag.tag_versions.order(:version_no).map(&:attributes)).to eq(versions_before)
   end
 
-  it 'creates a primary name when the language has only an alias' do
-    pending '日本語以外の Locale 有効化は別課題で実装する'
-    prepare_english_reference!
-    tag = create(:tag, primary_name: 'alias_only_tag')
-    alias_name = create(:tag_name, :alias, name: 'alias_en',
-                                          tag:,
-                                          language_code: 'en', script_code: 'Latn')
+  it 'adds the new language primary while preserving existing names and aliases' do
+    tag = create(:tag, primary_name: 'named_tag')
+    create(:tag_name, :alias, name: 'existing_alias', tag:,
+                              language_code: 'ja', script_code: 'Jpan')
+    original_names = tag.tag_names.order(:id).map(&:attributes)
 
-    create_english_locale!
+    create_ainu_locale!
 
-    expect(alias_name.reload).to have_attributes(
-        tag_id: tag.id,
-        language_code: 'en', script_code: 'Latn', primary_flg: false)
-    generated = TagName.find_by!(tag_id: tag.id, language_code: 'en', primary_flg: true)
-    expect(generated).to have_attributes(tag_id: tag.id, language_code: 'en',
-                                         script_code: 'Latn', primary_flg: true,
+    expect(tag.tag_names.where(language_code: 'ja').order(:id).map(&:attributes))
+        .to eq(original_names)
+    generated = TagName.find_by!(tag_id: tag.id, language_code: 'ain', primary_flg: true)
+    expect(generated).to have_attributes(name: 'named_tag', tag_id: tag.id, language_code: 'ain',
+                                         script_code: 'Kana', primary_flg: true,
                                          auto_generated: true)
-    expect(TagName.where(tag_id: tag.id, language_code: 'en', primary_flg: true).count).to eq(1)
+    expect(TagName.where(tag_id: tag.id, language_code: 'ain', primary_flg: true).count).to eq(1)
   end
 
   it 'rolls back the locale and all generated names when backfill fails' do
-    pending '日本語以外の Locale 有効化は別課題で実装する'
-    prepare_english_reference!
+    prepare_ainu_reference!
     first = create(:tag, primary_name: 'atomic_first')
     second = create(:tag, primary_name: 'atomic_second')
+    versions_before = TagVersion.order(:id).map(&:attributes)
     allow(TagName).to receive(:generate_name).and_call_original
     allow(TagName).to receive(:generate_name)
         .with(kind_of(described_class), second, primary_tag_name_for(second, 'ja'))
         .and_raise('backfill failed')
 
-    expect { create_english_locale! }.to raise_error('backfill failed')
+    expect { create_ainu_locale! }.to raise_error('backfill failed')
 
-    expect(described_class.exists?(code: 'en')).to be(false)
-    expect(TagName.where(language_code: 'en', tag_id: [first.id, second.id])).to be_empty
+    expect(described_class.exists?(code: 'ain-Kana')).to be(false)
+    expect(TagName.where(language_code: 'ain', tag_id: [first.id, second.id])).to be_empty
+    expect(TagVersion.order(:id).map(&:attributes)).to eq(versions_before)
   end
 
-  it 'accepts a stable locale code outside the historical enum values' do
-    pending '日本語以外の Locale 有効化は別課題で実装する'
-    prepare_english_reference!
+  it 'records a separate automatic update for each tag without changing its authored create' do
+    author = create(:user, :admin)
+    tags = ['locale_history_first', 'locale_history_second'].map do |name|
+      Tag.find_or_create_by_tag_name!(Locale.nipponese, name, category: :general,
+                                     created_by_user: author)
+    end
+    originals = tags.map { |tag| tag.tag_versions.sole.attributes }
 
-    locale = described_class.create!(
-        code: 'en-x-rspec', language_code: 'en',
-        script_code: 'Latn', region_code: 826,
-        variants: 'x-rspec', name: 'English')
+    expect { create_ainu_locale! }.to change(TagVersion, :count).by(2)
 
-    expect(locale.reload).to have_attributes(
-        code: 'en-x-rspec', language_code: 'en', script_code: 'Latn',
-        region_code: 826, variants: 'x-rspec')
+    tags.zip(originals).each do |tag, original|
+      versions = tag.tag_versions.order(:version_no).to_a
+      expect(versions.map(&:event_type)).to eq(['create', 'update'])
+      expect(versions.first.attributes).to eq(original)
+      expect(versions.first.created_by_user_id).to eq(author.id)
+      expect(versions.last).to have_attributes(version_no: 2, created_by_user_id: nil)
+      expect(versions.last.names.fetch('ain')).to eq(
+          'name' => tag.name('ja'), 'script_code' => 'Kana',
+          'auto_generated' => true, 'aliases' => [])
+      expect(versions.first.names.keys).to eq(['ja'])
+      expect(tag.reload.version_no).to eq(2)
+    end
+
+    expect { TagNameCompletion.for_locale!(Locale.find('ain-Kana')) }
+        .not_to change(TagVersion, :count)
   end
 
-  it 'registers the future British English locale tuple' do
-    pending '日本語以外の Locale 有効化は別課題で実装する'
+  it 'records automatic before and after snapshots for a tag without any history' do
+    tag = create(:tag, primary_name: 'legacy_before_locale')
+    expect(tag.tag_versions).to be_empty
 
-    expect(locale).to have_attributes(code: 'en', language_code: 'en',
-                                    script_code: 'Latn', region_code: 826,
+    create_ainu_locale!
+
+    versions = tag.tag_versions.order(:version_no).to_a
+    expect(versions.map(&:event_type)).to eq(['create', 'update'])
+    expect(versions.map(&:created_by_user_id)).to eq([nil, nil])
+    expect(versions.first.names.keys).to eq(['ja'])
+    expect(versions.last.names.keys).to match_array(['ja', 'ain'])
+    expect(versions.last.names.fetch('ja')).to eq(versions.first.names.fetch('ja'))
+  end
+
+  it 'rolls back earlier tag names and histories when a later history fails' do
+    first = create(:tag, primary_name: 'history_atomic_first')
+    second = create(:tag, primary_name: 'history_atomic_second')
+    names_before = TagName.order(:id).map(&:attributes)
+    versions_before = TagVersion.order(:id).map(&:attributes)
+    allow(TagVersioning).to receive(:record!).and_wrap_original do |original, tag, **options|
+      if tag.id == second.id && options[:event_type] == :update
+        raise ActiveRecord::RecordNotSaved, 'history failed'
+      end
+      original.call(tag, **options)
+    end
+
+    expect { create_ainu_locale! }
+        .to raise_error(ActiveRecord::RecordNotSaved, 'history failed')
+
+    expect(described_class.exists?(code: 'ain-Kana')).to be(false)
+    expect(TagName.order(:id).map(&:attributes)).to eq(names_before)
+    expect(TagVersion.order(:id).map(&:attributes)).to eq(versions_before)
+    expect([first.reload.version_no, second.reload.version_no]).to eq([1, 1])
+  end
+
+  it 'rejects a private locale code outside the supported locale set' do
+    prepare_ainu_reference!
+
+    expect {
+      described_class.create!(
+          code: 'ain-Kana-x-rspec', language_code: 'ain',
+          script_code: 'Kana', region_code: 392,
+          variants: 'x-rspec', name: 'Ainu')
+    }.to raise_error(ArgumentError)
+  end
+
+  it 'registers the supported Ainu locale tuple' do
+
+    expect(locale).to have_attributes(code: 'ain-Kana', language_code: 'ain',
+                                    script_code: 'Kana', region_code: 392,
                                     variants: '')
   end
 end

backend/spec/models/script_spec.rb

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 require 'rails_helper'
 
 RSpec.describe Script, type: :model do
-  include_context 'English locale'
+  include_context 'Ainu locale'
 
   it 'selects locales by script code, not language code' do
     expect(described_class.find('Jpan').locales).to contain_exactly(Locale.nipponese)
@@ -25,11 +25,10 @@ RSpec.describe Script, type: :model do
     }
   end
 
-  it 'selects Latin locales when multilingual support is enabled' do
-    pending '日本語以外の Locale 有効化は別課題で実装する'
+  it 'selects Kana locales when multilingual support is enabled' do
     locale
 
-    expect(described_class.find('Latn').locales).to contain_exactly(locale)
+    expect(described_class.find('Kana').locales).to contain_exactly(locale)
     expect(described_class.find('Jpan').locales).not_to include(locale)
   end
 end

backend/spec/models/tag_name_sanitisation_rule_spec.rb

@@ -95,38 +95,38 @@ RSpec.describe TagNameSanitisationRule, type: :model do
     end
 
     context 'when only another language has the sanitised name' do
-      include_context 'English locale'
+      include_context 'Ainu locale'
 
       it 'keeps both names when sanitisation produces a cross-language match' do
-        pending '日本語以外の Locale 有効化は別課題で実装する'
         locale
         nipponese = create(:tag_name, name: 'foobar')
-        english = create(:tag_name, name: 'temporary',
-                                   language_code: 'en', script_code: 'Latn')
-        english.update_columns(name: 'foo_bar')
+        ainu = create(:tag_name, name: 'temporary',
+                                   language_code: 'ain', script_code: 'Kana')
+        ainu.update_columns(name: 'foo_bar')
 
         expect { described_class.apply! }.not_to change(TagName, :count)
 
-        expect(english.reload).to have_attributes(name: 'foobar', language_code: 'en')
+        expect(ainu.reload).to have_attributes(name: 'foobar', language_code: 'ain')
         expect(nipponese.reload).to have_attributes(name: 'foobar', language_code: 'ja')
       end
 
       it 'renames without merging tags or deleting either language identity' do
-        pending '日本語以外の Locale 有効化は別課題で実装する'
         locale
         nipponese = create(:tag, primary_name: 'foobar')
-        english_name = create(:tag_name, name: 'temporary',
-                                        language_code: 'en', script_code: 'Latn')
-        english = create(:tag, primary_tag_name: english_name)
-        english_name.update_columns(name: 'foo_bar')
+        primary_tag_name_for(nipponese, 'ain').update!(
+            name: 'different_ainu_name', auto_generated: false)
+        ainu_name = create(:tag_name, name: 'temporary',
+                                        language_code: 'ain', script_code: 'Kana')
+        ainu = create(:tag, primary_tag_name: ainu_name)
+        ainu_name.update_columns(name: 'foo_bar')
 
         described_class.apply!
 
-        expect(english_name.reload).to have_attributes(
-            name: 'foobar', language_code: 'en', tag_id: english.id)
+        expect(ainu_name.reload).to have_attributes(
+            name: 'foobar', language_code: 'ain', tag_id: ainu.id)
         expect(primary_tag_name_for(nipponese.reload, 'ja')).to have_attributes(
             name: 'foobar', language_code: 'ja', tag_id: nipponese.id)
-        expect(primary_tag_name_for(english.reload, 'en')).to eq(english_name)
+        expect(primary_tag_name_for(ainu.reload, 'ain')).to eq(ainu_name)
       end
     end
 

backend/spec/models/tag_name_spec.rb

@@ -1,17 +1,16 @@
 require 'rails_helper'
 
 RSpec.describe TagName, type: :model do
-  include_context 'English locale'
+  include_context 'Ainu locale'
 
   it 'allows the same name in different languages' do
-    pending '日本語以外の Locale 有効化は別課題で実装する'
     locale
     create(:tag_name, name: 'shared_name')
-    english = build(:tag_name, name: 'shared_name',
-                              language_code: 'en', script_code: 'Latn')
+    ainu = build(:tag_name, name: 'shared_name',
+                              language_code: 'ain', script_code: 'Kana')
 
-    expect(english).to be_valid
-    expect { english.save! }.to change(described_class, :count).by(1)
+    expect(ainu).to be_valid
+    expect { ainu.save! }.to change(described_class, :count).by(1)
   end
 
   it 'rejects a duplicate name within the same language' do
@@ -67,11 +66,10 @@ RSpec.describe TagName, type: :model do
   end
 
   it 'completes an ordinary tag factory under future active languages' do
-    pending '日本語以外の Locale 有効化は別課題で実装する'
     locale
     tag = create(:tag, primary_name: 'future_factory')
 
-    expect(TagName.where(tag:, language_code: 'en', primary_flg: true))
+    expect(TagName.where(tag:, language_code: 'ain', primary_flg: true))
         .to contain_exactly(have_attributes(auto_generated: true))
   end
 
@@ -114,46 +112,44 @@ RSpec.describe TagName, type: :model do
     end
 
     it 'resolves the primary name of the alias language on the same tag' do
-      pending '日本語以外の Locale 有効化は別課題で実装する'
       locale
       tag = create(:tag, primary_name: '日本語正本')
-      english_primary = primary_tag_name_for(tag, 'en')
-      english_primary.update!(name: 'english_primary', auto_generated: false)
-      english_alias = create(:tag_name, :alias, tag:, name: 'english_alias',
-                                                 language_code: 'en', script_code: 'Latn')
+      ainu_primary = primary_tag_name_for(tag, 'ain')
+      ainu_primary.update!(name: 'ainu_primary', auto_generated: false)
+      ainu_alias = create(:tag_name, :alias, tag:, name: 'ainu_alias',
+                                                 language_code: 'ain', script_code: 'Kana')
       representative_id = tag.tag_name('ja')&.id
 
-      primary = described_class.find_by!(tag_id: english_alias.tag_id,
-                                         language_code: english_alias.language_code,
+      primary = described_class.find_by!(tag_id: ainu_alias.tag_id,
+                                         language_code: ainu_alias.language_code,
                                          primary_flg: true)
 
-      expect(primary).to eq(english_primary)
-      expect(described_class.canonicalise(locale, [english_alias.name]))
-          .to eq([english_primary.name])
+      expect(primary).to eq(ainu_primary)
+      expect(described_class.canonicalise(locale, [ainu_alias.name]))
+          .to eq([ainu_primary.name])
       expect(tag.reload.tag_name('ja')&.id).to eq(representative_id)
     end
 
     it 'resolves only aliases in the requested language' do
-      pending '日本語以外の Locale 有効化は別課題で実装する'
       locale
       nipponese = create(:tag, primary_name: 'nipponese_canonical')
-      english_name = create(:tag_name, name: 'english_canonical',
-                                      language_code: 'en', script_code: 'Latn')
-      english = create(:tag, primary_tag_name: english_name)
+      ainu_name = create(:tag_name, name: 'ainu_canonical',
+                                      language_code: 'ain', script_code: 'Kana')
+      ainu = create(:tag, primary_tag_name: ainu_name)
       nipponese_alias = create(:tag_name, :alias, name: 'shared_alias',
                                                   tag: nipponese)
-      english_alias = create(:tag_name, :alias, name: 'shared_alias',
-                                                tag: english,
-                                                language_code: 'en', script_code: 'Latn')
+      ainu_alias = create(:tag_name, :alias, name: 'shared_alias',
+                                                tag: ainu,
+                                                language_code: 'ain', script_code: 'Kana')
 
       expect(nipponese_alias.reload).to have_attributes(
           tag_id: nipponese.id,
           primary_flg: false, language_code: 'ja')
-      expect(english_alias.reload).to have_attributes(
-          tag_id: english.id,
-          primary_flg: false, language_code: 'en')
+      expect(ainu_alias.reload).to have_attributes(
+          tag_id: ainu.id,
+          primary_flg: false, language_code: 'ain')
       expect(described_class.canonicalise(locale, ['shared_alias']))
-          .to eq(['english_canonical'])
+          .to eq(['ainu_canonical'])
       expect(described_class.canonicalise(Locale.nipponese, ['shared_alias']))
           .to eq(['nipponese_canonical'])
     end

backend/spec/models/tag_spec.rb

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ RSpec.describe Tag, type: :model do
     it 'checks the requested language and treats an empty description as present' do
       TagDescription.create!(tag:, language_code: 'ja', body: '', version_no: 1)
       expect(tag.has_description?(language_code: 'ja')).to be(true)
-      expect(tag.has_description?(language_code: 'en')).to be(false)
+      expect(tag.has_description?(language_code: 'ain')).to be(false)
     end
 
     it 'returns false without a description' do
@@ -23,16 +23,16 @@ RSpec.describe Tag, type: :model do
       subscriber = ->(*args) { queries << args.last.fetch(:sql) }
       ActiveSupport::Notifications.subscribed(subscriber, 'sql.active_record') do
         expect(loaded.has_description?(language_code: 'ja')).to be(true)
-        expect(loaded.has_description?(language_code: 'en')).to be(false)
+        expect(loaded.has_description?(language_code: 'ain')).to be(false)
       end
       expect(queries).to be_empty
     end
 
     it 'keeps language selection generic without enabling another Language record' do
       tag.association(:tag_descriptions).target = [
-          TagDescription.new(tag:, language_code: 'en', body: '', version_no: 1)]
+          TagDescription.new(tag:, language_code: 'ain', body: '', version_no: 1)]
       tag.association(:tag_descriptions).loaded!
-      expect(tag.has_description?(language_code: 'en')).to be(true)
+      expect(tag.has_description?(language_code: 'ain')).to be(true)
       expect(tag.has_description?(language_code: 'ja')).to be(false)
     end
   end
@@ -61,33 +61,32 @@ RSpec.describe Tag, type: :model do
   end
 
   describe '.normalise_tags!' do
-    include_context 'English locale'
+    include_context 'Ainu locale'
 
     it 'canonicalises aliases in the supplied language only' do
-      pending '日本語以外の Locale 有効化は別課題で実装する'
-      prepare_english_reference!
+      prepare_ainu_reference!
       nipponese = create(:tag, primary_name: 'nipponese_canonical')
-      english_name = create(:tag_name, name: 'english_canonical',
-                                      language_code: 'en', script_code: 'Latn')
-      english = create(:tag, primary_tag_name: english_name)
-      primary_tag_name_for(english, 'ja').update!(
-          name: 'english_in_nipponese', auto_generated: false)
-      english_locale = locale
+      ainu_name = build(:tag_name, tag: nil, name: 'ainu_canonical',
+                                      language_code: 'ain', script_code: 'Kana')
+      ainu = create(:tag, primary_tag_name: ainu_name)
+      primary_tag_name_for(ainu, 'ja').update!(
+          name: 'ainu_in_nipponese', auto_generated: false)
+      ainu_locale = locale
       nipponese_alias = create(:tag_name, :alias, name: 'shared_alias',
                                                   tag: nipponese)
-      english_alias = create(:tag_name, :alias, name: 'shared_alias',
-                                                tag: english,
-                                                language_code: 'en', script_code: 'Latn')
+      ainu_alias = create(:tag_name, :alias, name: 'shared_alias',
+                                                tag: ainu,
+                                                language_code: 'ain', script_code: 'Kana')
 
       expect(nipponese_alias.reload).to have_attributes(
           tag_id: nipponese.id,
           primary_flg: false, language_code: 'ja')
-      expect(english_alias.reload).to have_attributes(
-          tag_id: english.id,
-          primary_flg: false, language_code: 'en')
+      expect(ainu_alias.reload).to have_attributes(
+          tag_id: ainu.id,
+          primary_flg: false, language_code: 'ain')
       expect(described_class.normalise_tags!(
-          english_locale, ['shared_alias'],
-          with_tagme: false, with_no_deerjikist: false)).to eq([english])
+          ainu_locale, ['shared_alias'],
+          with_tagme: false, with_no_deerjikist: false)).to eq([ainu])
       expect(described_class.normalise_tags!(
           Locale.nipponese, ['shared_alias'],
           with_tagme: false, with_no_deerjikist: false)).to eq([nipponese])
@@ -253,129 +252,120 @@ RSpec.describe Tag, type: :model do
 
   describe '.find_or_create_by_tag_name!' do
     context 'with an explicit locale' do
-      include_context 'English locale'
+      include_context 'Ainu locale'
 
       it 'creates the representative name with locale attributes and ownership' do
-        pending '日本語以外の Locale 有効化は別課題で実装する'
         locale
         tag = described_class.find_or_create_by_tag_name!(
-            locale, 'english_name', category: :character)
+            locale, 'ainu_name', category: :character)
 
-        expect(primary_tag_name_for(tag, 'en')).to have_attributes(
-            language_code: 'en', script_code: 'Latn',
+        expect(primary_tag_name_for(tag, 'ain')).to have_attributes(
+            language_code: 'ain', script_code: 'Kana',
             primary_flg: true, tag_id: tag.id)
         expect(tag.category).to eq('character')
       end
 
-      it 'uses the English primary as the source for a generated Nipponese name' do
-        pending '日本語以外の Locale 有効化は別課題で実装する'
+      it 'copies an Ainu-origin name to Japanese without reverse transcription' do
         locale
-        allow(TagName).to receive(:generate_name).and_return('generated_nipponese')
+        allow(TagName).to receive(:generate_name).and_call_original
 
         tag = described_class.find_or_create_by_tag_name!(
-            locale, 'english_origin', category: :general)
+            locale, 'ainu_origin', category: :general)
 
-        expect(TagName.where(tag:, language_code: 'en', primary_flg: true))
+        expect(TagName.where(tag:, language_code: 'ain', primary_flg: true))
             .to contain_exactly(have_attributes(
-                name: 'english_origin', auto_generated: false))
+                name: 'ainu_origin', auto_generated: false))
         expect(TagName.where(tag:, language_code: 'ja', primary_flg: true))
             .to contain_exactly(have_attributes(
-                name: 'generated_nipponese', auto_generated: true))
-        source_tag_name = TagName.find_by!(tag:, language_code: 'en', primary_flg: true)
+                name: 'ainu_origin', auto_generated: true))
         expect(TagName).to have_received(:generate_name)
-            .with(Locale.nipponese, tag, source_tag_name)
+            .with(Locale.nipponese, tag, tag.tag_name('ain'))
       end
 
       it 'gives a new tag one primary name for every active language' do
-        pending '日本語以外の Locale 有効化は別課題で実装する'
         locale
         tag = described_class.find_or_create_by_tag_name!(
             Locale.nipponese, 'new_multilingual_tag', category: :general)
 
         expect(TagName.where(tag:, language_code: 'ja', primary_flg: true).count).to eq(1)
-        expect(TagName.where(tag:, language_code: 'en', primary_flg: true).count).to eq(1)
+        expect(TagName.where(tag:, language_code: 'ain', primary_flg: true).count).to eq(1)
       end
 
-      it 'creates one primary per language when multiple locales use English' do
-        pending '日本語以外の Locale 有効化は別課題で実装する'
+      it 'creates one primary per language when multiple locales use Ainu' do
         locale
         described_class.find_or_create_by_tag_name!(
-            locale, 'before_second_english_locale', category: :general)
-        Locale.create!(code: 'en-x-rspec', language_code: 'en',
-                       script_code: 'Latn', region_code: 826,
-                       variants: 'x-rspec', name: 'English')
+            locale, 'before_second_ainu_locale', category: :general)
 
         tag = described_class.find_or_create_by_tag_name!(
-            locale, 'one_english_primary', category: :general)
+            locale, 'one_ainu_primary', category: :general)
+        TagNameCompletion.for_tag!(tag, locales: [locale, locale.dup, Locale.nipponese])
 
-        expect(TagName.where(tag:, language_code: 'en', primary_flg: true).count).to eq(1)
+        expect(TagName.where(tag:, language_code: 'ain', primary_flg: true).count).to eq(1)
         expect(TagName.where(tag:, language_code: 'ja', primary_flg: true).count).to eq(1)
       end
 
       it 'rolls back a new tag and requested name if name generation fails' do
-        pending '日本語以外の Locale 有効化は別課題で実装する'
         locale
         original_tag_count = described_class.count
         allow(TagName).to receive(:generate_name).and_raise('generation failed')
 
         expect {
           described_class.find_or_create_by_tag_name!(
-              locale, 'atomic_english_name', category: :general)
+              locale, 'atomic_ainu_name', category: :general)
         }.to raise_error('generation failed')
 
         expect(described_class.count).to eq(original_tag_count)
-        expect(TagName.where(language_code: 'en', name: 'atomic_english_name')).to be_empty
+        expect(TagName.where(language_code: 'ain', name: 'atomic_ainu_name')).to be_empty
         expect(described_class.joins(:tag_names)
-            .where(tag_names: { name: 'atomic_english_name' })).to be_empty
+            .where(tag_names: { name: 'atomic_ainu_name' })).to be_empty
       end
 
 
 
       it 'creates separate tag identities for the same name in different languages' do
-        pending '日本語以外の Locale 有効化は別課題で実装する'
         locale
         nipponese = described_class.find_or_create_by_tag_name!(
             Locale.nipponese, 'same_name', category: :general)
-        english = described_class.find_or_create_by_tag_name!(
+        primary_tag_name_for(nipponese, 'ain').update!(
+            name: 'other_ainu_name', auto_generated: false)
+        ainu = described_class.find_or_create_by_tag_name!(
             locale, 'same_name', category: :character)
 
-        expect(english).not_to eq(nipponese)
-        expect(primary_tag_name_for(english, 'en')).to have_attributes(
-            name: 'same_name', tag_id: english.id, language_code: 'en', primary_flg: true)
+        expect(ainu).not_to eq(nipponese)
+        expect(primary_tag_name_for(ainu, 'ain')).to have_attributes(
+            name: 'same_name', tag_id: ainu.id, language_code: 'ain', primary_flg: true)
         expect(primary_tag_name_for(nipponese, 'ja')).to have_attributes(
             name: 'same_name', tag_id: nipponese.id, language_code: 'ja', primary_flg: true)
         expect(described_class.find_or_create_by_tag_name!(
-            locale, 'same_name', category: :general)).to eq(english)
+            locale, 'same_name', category: :general)).to eq(ainu)
         expect(described_class.find_or_create_by_tag_name!(
             Locale.nipponese, 'same_name', category: :general)).to eq(nipponese)
       end
 
       it 'preserves the V1 representative when looking up another primary language' do
-        pending '日本語以外の Locale 有効化は別課題で実装する'
         locale
         tag = create(:tag, primary_name: '日本語代表名')
         representative_id = tag.tag_name('ja')&.id
-        english = primary_tag_name_for(tag, 'en')
-        english.update!(name: 'english_primary', auto_generated: false)
+        ainu = primary_tag_name_for(tag, 'ain')
+        ainu.update!(name: 'ainu_primary', auto_generated: false)
 
         found = described_class.find_or_create_by_tag_name!(
-            locale, english.name, category: :general)
+            locale, ainu.name, category: :general)
 
         expect(found).to eq(tag)
         expect(tag.reload.tag_name('ja')&.id).to eq(representative_id)
-        expect(english.reload.tag_id).to eq(tag.id)
+        expect(ainu.reload.tag_id).to eq(tag.id)
       end
 
       it 'normalises names using the supplied locale' do
-        pending '日本語以外の Locale 有効化は別課題で実装する'
         locale
         tags = described_class.normalise_tags!(
-            locale, ['character:normalised_english'],
+            locale, ['character:normalised_ainu'],
             with_tagme: false, with_no_deerjikist: false)
 
         expect(tags.length).to eq(1)
-        expect(primary_tag_name_for(tags.first, 'en')).to have_attributes(
-            name: 'normalised_english', language_code: 'en', script_code: 'Latn',
+        expect(primary_tag_name_for(tags.first, 'ain')).to have_attributes(
+            name: 'normalised_ainu', language_code: 'ain', script_code: 'Kana',
             primary_flg: true, tag_id: tags.first.id)
       end
     end
@@ -444,26 +434,25 @@ RSpec.describe Tag, type: :model do
     end
 
     context 'with names in multiple languages' do
-      include_context 'English locale'
+      include_context 'Ainu locale'
 
       it 'keeps the target primary and moves source names as aliases' do
-        pending '日本語以外の Locale 有効化は別課題で実装する'
         locale
-        english_primary = primary_tag_name_for(target_tag, 'en')
-        source_primary = primary_tag_name_for(source_tag, 'en')
+        ainu_primary = primary_tag_name_for(target_tag, 'ain')
+        source_primary = primary_tag_name_for(source_tag, 'ain')
         source_alias = create(:tag_name, :alias, tag: source_tag,
-            name: 'source_english_alias', language_code: 'en', script_code: 'Latn')
+            name: 'source_ainu_alias', language_code: 'ain', script_code: 'Kana')
 
-        expect([english_primary, source_primary]).to all(have_attributes(
+        expect([ainu_primary, source_primary]).to all(have_attributes(
             primary_flg: true, auto_generated: true))
 
         described_class.merge_tags!(target_tag, [source_tag])
 
-        expect(primary_tag_name_for(target_tag.reload, 'en')).to eq(english_primary)
-        expect(TagName.where(tag: target_tag, language_code: 'en', primary_flg: true))
-            .to contain_exactly(english_primary)
+        expect(primary_tag_name_for(target_tag.reload, 'ain')).to eq(ainu_primary)
+        expect(TagName.where(tag: target_tag, language_code: 'ain', primary_flg: true))
+            .to contain_exactly(ainu_primary)
         expect([source_primary.reload, source_alias.reload]).to all(have_attributes(
-            tag_id: target_tag.id, language_code: 'en', primary_flg: false))
+            tag_id: target_tag.id, language_code: 'ain', primary_flg: false))
         expect(TagName.where(tag: target_tag, language_code: 'ja', primary_flg: true))
             .to contain_exactly(primary_tag_name_for(target_tag, 'ja'))
         expect(source_tag_name.reload).to have_attributes(

backend/spec/rails_helper.rb

@@ -53,6 +53,14 @@ RSpec.configure do |config|
   config.include AuthHelper, type: :request
   config.include JsonHelper, type: :request
 
+  config.around(:each, type: :request) do |example|
+    previous = ApplicationController.allow_forgery_protection
+    ApplicationController.allow_forgery_protection = example.metadata.fetch(:csrf, false)
+    example.run
+  ensure
+    ApplicationController.allow_forgery_protection = previous
+  end
+
   # Remove this line if you're not using ActiveRecord or ActiveRecord fixtures
   config.fixture_paths = [
     Rails.root.join('spec/fixtures')

backend/spec/requests/locale_resolution_spec.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+require 'rails_helper'
+
+RSpec.describe 'API locale resolution', type: :request do
+  let!(:tag) { create(:tag, primary_name: '日本語正本') }
+
+  it 'defaults an omitted locale to Japanese' do
+    get "/tags/#{ tag.id }"
+
+    expect(response).to have_http_status(:ok)
+    expect(json.fetch('name')).to eq('日本語正本')
+  end
+
+  it 'accepts an explicitly requested active Japanese locale' do
+    get "/tags/#{ tag.id }", params: { locale: 'ja' }
+
+    expect(response).to have_http_status(:ok)
+    expect(json.fetch('name')).to eq('日本語正本')
+  end
+
+  ['', 'en', 'ain', 'Jpan', 'JA', 'unknown', ['ja']].each do |code|
+    it "rejects invalid locale #{ code.inspect } instead of defaulting to Japanese" do
+      get "/tags/#{ tag.id }", params: { locale: code }
+
+      expect(response).to have_http_status(:not_found)
+      expect(response.body).not_to include('日本語正本')
+    end
+  end
+
+  it 'rejects a supported locale that has not been registered' do
+    get "/tags/#{ tag.id }", params: { locale: 'ain-Kana' }
+
+    expect(response).to have_http_status(:not_found)
+  end
+
+  it 'rejects an inactive locale' do
+    Locale.nipponese.update!(deprecated_at: Time.current)
+
+    get "/tags/#{ tag.id }", params: { locale: 'ja' }
+
+    expect(response).to have_http_status(:not_found)
+  end
+
+  it 'does not write posts or tag names under an invalid locale' do
+    sign_in_as(create_member_user!)
+
+    expect do
+      post '/posts', params: {
+          locale: 'en', title: 'invalid locale', url: 'https://example.com/invalid-locale',
+          tags: 'unwritten_tag' }
+    end.to change(Post, :count).by(0).and change(TagName, :count).by(0)
+
+    expect(response).to have_http_status(:not_found)
+  end
+end

backend/spec/requests/locale_write_paths_spec.rb

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 require 'rails_helper'
 
 RSpec.describe 'Locale propagation on write paths', type: :request do
-  include_context 'English locale'
+  include_context 'Ainu locale'
 
   let(:member) { create(:user, :member) }
 
@@ -14,7 +14,19 @@ RSpec.describe 'Locale propagation on write paths', type: :request do
     expect(tag_name).to have_attributes(
         script_code: expected_locale.script_code, primary_flg: true)
     expect(tag_name.tag_id).to be_present
-    tag_name.tag
+    tag = tag_name.tag
+    version = tag.tag_versions.sole
+    expect(version).to have_attributes(
+        event_type: 'create', version_no: 1, created_by_user_id: member.id)
+    expect(tag.reload.version_no).to eq(1)
+    expect(version.names.keys).to match_array(
+        Locale.where(deprecated_at: nil).distinct.pluck(:language_code))
+    tag.tag_names.where(primary_flg: true).each do |primary|
+      expect(version.names.fetch(primary.language_code)).to include(
+          'name' => primary.name, 'script_code' => primary.script_code,
+          'auto_generated' => primary.auto_generated, 'aliases' => [])
+    end
+    tag
   end
 
   it 'confirms a generated Nipponese primary when a human renames it' do
@@ -54,13 +66,12 @@ RSpec.describe 'Locale propagation on write paths', type: :request do
     end
   end
 
-  ['en', nil].each do |requested_locale|
+  ['ain-Kana', nil].each do |requested_locale|
     context "with locale #{ requested_locale.inspect }" do
       let(:locale_params) { requested_locale ? { locale: requested_locale } : { } }
       let(:expected_locale) { requested_locale ? locale : Locale.nipponese }
 
       it 'creates post tags in the requested language or Nipponese fallback' do
-        pending '日本語以外の Locale 有効化は別課題で実装する' if requested_locale
         locale if requested_locale
         post '/posts', params: locale_params.merge(
             title: 'Locale post', url: 'https://example.com/locale-post',
@@ -72,7 +83,6 @@ RSpec.describe 'Locale propagation on write paths', type: :request do
       end
 
       it 'updates post tags in the requested language or Nipponese fallback' do
-        pending '日本語以外の Locale 有効化は別課題で実装する' if requested_locale
         locale if requested_locale
         record = create(:post)
         PostVersionRecorder.record!(post: record, event_type: :create, created_by_user: member)
@@ -87,7 +97,6 @@ RSpec.describe 'Locale propagation on write paths', type: :request do
       end
 
       it 'passes the resolved locale to bulk creation' do
-        pending '日本語以外の Locale 有効化は別課題で実装する' if requested_locale
         locale if requested_locale
         # Worker propagation is exercised in post_bulk_creator_spec.
         expect_any_instance_of(PostBulkCreator).to receive(:run)
@@ -102,7 +111,6 @@ RSpec.describe 'Locale propagation on write paths', type: :request do
       end
 
       it 'creates materials with tags in the resolved locale' do
-        pending '日本語以外の Locale 有効化は別課題で実装する' if requested_locale
         locale if requested_locale
         post '/materials', params: locale_params.merge(
             tag: 'locale_material', url: 'https://example.com/material')
@@ -113,7 +121,6 @@ RSpec.describe 'Locale propagation on write paths', type: :request do
       end
 
       it 'updates materials with tags in the resolved locale' do
-        pending '日本語以外の Locale 有効化は別課題で実装する' if requested_locale
         locale if requested_locale
         tag = create(:tag, category: :material)
         material = Material.create!(tag:, url: 'https://example.com/material')
@@ -127,7 +134,6 @@ RSpec.describe 'Locale propagation on write paths', type: :request do
       end
 
       it 'links Nico external tags to internal tags in the resolved locale' do
-        pending '日本語以外の Locale 有効化は別課題で実装する' if requested_locale
         locale if requested_locale
         external = create(:external_tag)
         NicoTagVersionRecorder.record!(
@@ -141,7 +147,6 @@ RSpec.describe 'Locale propagation on write paths', type: :request do
       end
 
       it 'creates parent tags in the resolved locale' do
-        pending '日本語以外の Locale 有効化は別課題で実装する' if requested_locale
         locale if requested_locale
         tag = create(:tag)
 
@@ -157,184 +162,179 @@ RSpec.describe 'Locale propagation on write paths', type: :request do
   end
 
   context 'with existing names in both languages' do
-    let(:english_name) do
-      create(:tag_name, name: 'shared_name', language_code: 'en', script_code: 'Latn')
+    let(:ainu_name) do
+      create(:tag_name, name: 'shared_name', language_code: 'ain', script_code: 'Kana')
+    end
+    let(:ainu_tag) do
+      create(:tag, primary_tag_name: ainu_name, category: :material).tap do |tag|
+        primary_tag_name_for(tag, 'ja').update!(name: 'ainu_in_japanese', auto_generated: false)
+      end
     end
-    let(:english_tag) { create(:tag, primary_tag_name: english_name, category: :material) }
     let(:nipponese_tag) do
       create(:tag, primary_name: 'temporary_nipponese', category: :general).tap do |tag|
-        # Isolate lookup from the separately tested uniqueness validation.
-        primary_tag_name_for(tag, 'ja').update_columns(name: 'shared_name')
+        primary_tag_name_for(tag, 'ja').update!(name: 'shared_name')
       end
     end
 
-    it 'plans and creates the post using the English identity and category' do
-      pending '日本語以外の Locale 有効化は別課題で実装する'
+    it 'plans and creates the post using the Ainu identity and category' do
       locale
-      english_tag
+      ainu_tag
       nipponese_tag
       post '/posts', params: {
-          locale: 'en', title: 'English identity',
-          url: 'https://example.com/english-identity', tags: 'shared_name', parent_post_ids: '' }
+          locale: 'ain-Kana', title: 'Ainu identity',
+          url: 'https://example.com/ainu-identity', tags: 'shared_name', parent_post_ids: '' }
 
       expect(response).to have_http_status(:created), response.body
       record = Post.find(json.fetch('id'))
-      expect(record.tags).to include(english_tag)
+      expect(record.tags).to include(ainu_tag)
       expect(record.tags).not_to include(nipponese_tag)
-      expect(english_tag.reload.category).to eq('material')
+      expect(ainu_tag.reload.category).to eq('material')
       expect(nipponese_tag.reload.category).to eq('general')
     end
 
-    it 'updates the post using the English identity' do
-      pending '日本語以外の Locale 有効化は別課題で実装する'
+    it 'updates the post using the Ainu identity' do
       locale
-      english_tag
+      ainu_tag
       nipponese_tag
       record = create(:post)
       PostVersionRecorder.record!(post: record, event_type: :create, created_by_user: member)
 
       put "/posts/#{ record.id }", params: {
-          locale: 'en', title: record.title, tags: 'shared_name', parent_post_ids: '',
+          locale: 'ain-Kana', title: record.title, tags: 'shared_name', parent_post_ids: '',
           base_version_no: record.reload.version_no }
 
       expect(response).to have_http_status(:ok), response.body
-      expect(record.reload.tags).to include(english_tag)
+      expect(record.reload.tags).to include(ainu_tag)
       expect(record.tags).not_to include(nipponese_tag)
     end
 
-    it 'resolves the English material tag' do
-      pending '日本語以外の Locale 有効化は別課題で実装する'
+    it 'resolves the Ainu material tag' do
       locale
-      english_tag
+      ainu_tag
       nipponese_tag
       post '/materials', params: {
-          locale: 'en', tag: 'shared_name', url: 'https://example.com/english-material' }
+          locale: 'ain-Kana', tag: 'shared_name', url: 'https://example.com/ainu-material' }
 
       expect(response).to have_http_status(:created), response.body
-      expect(Material.find(json.fetch('id')).tag).to eq(english_tag)
+      expect(Material.find(json.fetch('id')).tag).to eq(ainu_tag)
       expect(Material.where(tag: nipponese_tag)).to be_empty
     end
 
-    it 'resolves the English parent tag' do
-      pending '日本語以外の Locale 有効化は別課題で実装する'
+    it 'resolves the Ainu parent tag' do
       locale
-      english_tag
+      ainu_tag
       nipponese_tag
       child = create(:tag)
 
       put "/tags/#{ child.id }", params: {
-          locale: 'en', name: primary_tag_name_for(child, 'ja').name,
+          locale: 'ain-Kana', name: primary_tag_name_for(child, 'ja').name,
           category: child.category, deprecated: false,
           aliases: '', parent_tags: 'shared_name' }
 
       expect(response).to have_http_status(:ok), response.body
-      expect(TagImplication.where(tag: child).pluck(:parent_tag_id)).to eq([english_tag.id])
+      expect(TagImplication.where(tag: child).pluck(:parent_tag_id)).to eq([ainu_tag.id])
     end
 
-    it 'resolves the English internal tag for a Nico link' do
-      pending '日本語以外の Locale 有効化は別課題で実装する'
+    it 'resolves the Ainu internal tag for a Nico link' do
       locale
-      english_tag
+      ainu_tag
       nipponese_tag
       external = create(:external_tag)
       NicoTagVersionRecorder.record!(
           external_tag: external, event_type: :create, created_by_user: member)
 
-      put "/tags/nico/#{ external.id }", params: { locale: 'en', tags: 'shared_name' }
+      put "/tags/nico/#{ external.id }", params: { locale: 'ain-Kana', tags: 'shared_name' }
 
       expect(response).to have_http_status(:ok), response.body
-      expect(external.reload.linked_tags).to contain_exactly(english_tag)
+      expect(external.reload.linked_tags).to contain_exactly(ainu_tag)
     end
   end
 
-  context 'when renaming or updating aliases in English' do
-    let(:english_name) do
-      create(:tag_name, name: 'english_original', language_code: 'en', script_code: 'Latn')
+  context 'when renaming or updating aliases in Ainu' do
+    let(:ainu_name) do
+      create(:tag_name, name: 'ainu_original', language_code: 'ain', script_code: 'Kana')
     end
-    let(:tag) { create(:tag, primary_tag_name: english_name) }
+    let(:tag) { create(:tag, primary_tag_name: ainu_name) }
 
     it 'marks a human-renamed generated primary as no longer auto-generated' do
-      pending '日本語以外の Locale 有効化は別課題で実装する'
       locale
       generated_tag = create(:tag, primary_name: 'rename_generated_source')
-      generated_name = primary_tag_name_for(generated_tag, 'en')
+      generated_name = primary_tag_name_for(generated_tag, 'ain')
       expect(generated_name.auto_generated).to be(true)
 
       patch "/tags/#{ generated_tag.id }", params: {
-          locale: 'en', name: 'human_english_name' }
+          locale: 'ain-Kana', name: 'human_ainu_name' }
 
       expect(response).to have_http_status(:ok), response.body
       expect(generated_name.reload).to have_attributes(
-          name: 'human_english_name', auto_generated: false)
+          name: 'human_ainu_name', auto_generated: false)
     end
 
     it 'does not steal another tag primary for an alias' do
-      pending '日本語以外の Locale 有効化は別課題で実装する'
       locale
       other_tag = create(:tag, primary_name: 'other_nipponese')
-      other_primary = primary_tag_name_for(other_tag, 'en')
-      other_primary.update!(name: 'other_english_primary', auto_generated: false)
-      create(:tag_name, :alias, tag:, name: 'existing_english_alias',
-                                language_code: 'en', script_code: 'Latn')
-      primary_name_before = primary_tag_name_for(tag, 'en').name
+      other_primary = primary_tag_name_for(other_tag, 'ain')
+      other_primary.update!(name: 'other_ainu_primary', auto_generated: false)
+      create(:tag_name, :alias, tag:, name: 'existing_ainu_alias',
+                                language_code: 'ain', script_code: 'Kana')
+      primary_name_before = primary_tag_name_for(tag, 'ain').name
       aliases_before =
-          tag.tag_names.where(language_code: 'en', primary_flg: false)
+          tag.tag_names.where(language_code: 'ain', primary_flg: false)
               .order(:name).pluck(:name)
       category_before = tag.category
 
       put "/tags/#{ tag.id }", params: {
-          locale: 'en', name: 'renamed_before_alias_collision',
+          locale: 'ain-Kana', name: 'renamed_before_alias_collision',
           category: 'character', deprecated: false,
-          aliases: 'other_english_primary', parent_tags: '' }
+          aliases: 'other_ainu_primary', parent_tags: '' }
 
       aggregate_failures do
         expect(response).to have_http_status(:unprocessable_entity)
         expect(other_primary.reload).to have_attributes(
-            tag_id: other_tag.id, language_code: 'en', primary_flg: true)
-        expect(TagName.where(tag: other_tag, language_code: 'en', primary_flg: true))
+            tag_id: other_tag.id, language_code: 'ain', primary_flg: true)
+        expect(TagName.where(tag: other_tag, language_code: 'ain', primary_flg: true))
             .to contain_exactly(other_primary)
-        expect(primary_tag_name_for(tag.reload, 'en').name).to eq(primary_name_before)
+        expect(primary_tag_name_for(tag.reload, 'ain').name).to eq(primary_name_before)
         expect(tag.category).to eq(category_before)
         aliases_after =
-            tag.tag_names.where(language_code: 'en', primary_flg: false)
+            tag.tag_names.where(language_code: 'ain', primary_flg: false)
                 .order(:name).pluck(:name)
         expect(aliases_after).to eq(aliases_before)
       end
     end
 
     it 'allows a rename to a name already used in Nipponese' do
-      pending '日本語以外の Locale 有効化は別課題で実装する'
       locale
       nipponese = create(:tag, primary_name: 'rename_target')
+      primary_tag_name_for(nipponese, 'ain').update!(
+          name: 'different_ainu_target', auto_generated: false)
 
-      patch "/tags/#{ tag.id }", params: { locale: 'en', name: 'rename_target' }
+      patch "/tags/#{ tag.id }", params: { locale: 'ain-Kana', name: 'rename_target' }
 
       expect(response).to have_http_status(:ok), response.body
-      expect(primary_tag_name_for(tag.reload, 'en')).to have_attributes(
-          name: 'rename_target', language_code: 'en', tag_id: tag.id)
+      expect(primary_tag_name_for(tag.reload, 'ain')).to have_attributes(
+          name: 'rename_target', language_code: 'ain', tag_id: tag.id)
       expect(primary_tag_name_for(nipponese.reload, 'ja')).to have_attributes(
           name: 'rename_target', language_code: 'ja', tag_id: nipponese.id)
     end
 
     it 'creates aliases in the requested language' do
-      pending '日本語以外の Locale 有効化は別課題で実装する'
       locale
       put "/tags/#{ tag.id }", params: {
-          locale: 'en', name: english_name.name,
+          locale: 'ain-Kana', name: ainu_name.name,
           category: tag.category, deprecated: false,
-          aliases: 'english_alias', parent_tags: '' }
+          aliases: 'ainu_alias', parent_tags: '' }
 
       expect(response).to have_http_status(:ok), response.body
-      expect(TagName.find_by!(language_code: 'en', name: 'english_alias'))
+      expect(TagName.find_by!(language_code: 'ain', name: 'ainu_alias'))
           .to have_attributes(
-              script_code: 'Latn',
-              tag_id: tag.id, primary_flg: false, language_code: 'en')
-      primary = TagName.find_by!(tag_id: tag.id, language_code: 'en', primary_flg: true)
-      expect(primary).to have_attributes(name: 'english_original', script_code: 'Latn')
+              script_code: 'Kana',
+              tag_id: tag.id, primary_flg: false, language_code: 'ain')
+      primary = TagName.find_by!(tag_id: tag.id, language_code: 'ain', primary_flg: true)
+      expect(primary).to have_attributes(name: 'ainu_original', script_code: 'Kana')
     end
 
     it 'does not take an alias from another language' do
-      pending '日本語以外の Locale 有効化は別課題で実装する'
       locale
       nipponese = create(:tag, primary_name: 'nipponese_owner')
       nipponese_alias = create(:tag_name, :alias, name: 'shared_alias',
@@ -344,7 +344,7 @@ RSpec.describe 'Locale propagation on write paths', type: :request do
           primary_flg: false, language_code: 'ja')
 
       put "/tags/#{ tag.id }", params: {
-          locale: 'en', name: english_name.name,
+          locale: 'ain-Kana', name: ainu_name.name,
           category: tag.category, deprecated: false,
           aliases: 'shared_alias', parent_tags: '' }
 
@@ -352,12 +352,12 @@ RSpec.describe 'Locale propagation on write paths', type: :request do
       expect(nipponese_alias.reload).to have_attributes(
           tag_id: nipponese.id,
           primary_flg: false, language_code: 'ja')
-      expect(TagName.find_by!(language_code: 'en', name: 'shared_alias'))
+      expect(TagName.find_by!(language_code: 'ain', name: 'shared_alias'))
           .to have_attributes(
-              tag_id: tag.id, script_code: 'Latn',
-              primary_flg: false, language_code: 'en')
+              tag_id: tag.id, script_code: 'Kana',
+              primary_flg: false, language_code: 'ain')
       expect(TagName.where(name: 'shared_alias').pluck(:language_code, :tag_id))
-          .to contain_exactly(['ja', nipponese.id], ['en', tag.id])
+          .to contain_exactly(['ja', nipponese.id], ['ain', tag.id])
     end
   end
 end

backend/spec/requests/nico_tags_spec.rb

@@ -231,11 +231,14 @@ RSpec.describe 'NicoTags', type: :request do
         replacement: 'valid'
       )
       nico_tag
+      before_counts = [Tag.count, TagName.count, TagVersion.count]
 
       expect {
         patch "/tags/nico/#{nico_tag.id}", params: { tags: 'created_first invalid' }
       }.not_to change(TagName, :count)
 
+      expect([Tag.count, TagName.count, TagVersion.count]).to eq(before_counts)
+
       expect(response).to have_http_status(:unprocessable_entity)
       expect(json.fetch('errors').fetch('tags')).to include(
           a_string_including('タグ名 “invalid”:', '名前に使用できない文字が含まれてゐます．'))

backend/spec/requests/post_locale_filter_identity_spec.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+require 'rails_helper'
+
+RSpec.describe 'Post filter identity across locales', type: :request do
+  include_context 'Ainu locale'
+
+  let!(:activated_locale) { locale }
+  let!(:tag) { create(:tag, primary_name: 'legacy_union_source') }
+  let!(:external) { create(:external_tag, name: 'shared') }
+  let!(:internal_post) { create(:post) }
+  let!(:external_post) { create(:post) }
+  let!(:other_post) { create(:post) }
+
+  before do
+    # Legacy data can predate the current prohibition on internal nico: names.
+    primary_tag_name_for(tag, 'ja').update_columns(name: 'nico:shared')
+    primary_tag_name_for(tag, 'ain').update!(name: 'シロシ', auto_generated: false)
+    create(:tag_name, :alias, tag:, name: 'union_alias', language_code: 'ja')
+    PostTag.create!(post: internal_post, tag:)
+    PostExternalTag.create!(post: external_post, external_tag: external)
+  end
+
+  ['nico:shared', 'union_alias', 'not:nico:shared'].each do |literal|
+    it "preserves the complete match set for #{ literal }" do
+      get '/posts', params: { locale: 'ja', tags: literal }
+      expect(response).to have_http_status(:ok)
+      original_ids = json.fetch('posts').map { _1.fetch('id') }
+      expected = literal.start_with?('not:') ? [other_post.id] :
+          [internal_post.id, external_post.id]
+      expect(original_ids).to match_array(expected)
+
+      get '/posts/tag_filters', params: {
+          locale: 'ja', target_locale: 'ain-Kana', tags: literal }
+      expect(response).to have_http_status(:ok)
+      references = json.fetch('references')
+      expect(references.first).to include('tag_id' => tag.id, 'external_tag_id' => external.id)
+
+      get '/posts', params: {
+          locale: 'ain-Kana', tags: references.map { _1.fetch('name') }.join(' '),
+          tag_refs: references.to_json }
+      expect(response).to have_http_status(:ok)
+      expect(json.fetch('posts').map { _1.fetch('id') }).to match_array(original_ids)
+    end
+  end
+end

backend/spec/requests/posts_spec.rb

@@ -900,7 +900,7 @@ RSpec.describe 'Posts API', type: :request do
         query_count =
             count_sql_queries do
               get "/posts/#{ post_record.id }",
-                  headers: { 'X-Transfer-Code' => user.inheritance_code }
+                  headers: cookie_headers(user)
             end
 
         expect(response).to have_http_status(:ok)
@@ -2323,8 +2323,10 @@ RSpec.describe 'Posts API', type: :request do
         'prev' => nil
       )
       expect(latest.fetch('tags')).to include(
-        { 'name' => 'spec_tag_2', 'type' => 'added' },
-        { 'name' => 'spec_tag', 'type' => 'removed' }
+        { 'name' => 'spec_tag_2', 'restore_name' => 'spec_tag_2',
+          'external' => false, 'type' => 'added' },
+        { 'name' => 'spec_tag', 'restore_name' => 'spec_tag',
+          'external' => false, 'type' => 'removed' }
       )
       expect(latest.fetch('original_created_from')).to eq(
         'current' => oc_from.iso8601,
@@ -2351,7 +2353,8 @@ RSpec.describe 'Posts API', type: :request do
         'prev' => nil
       )
       expect(first.fetch('tags')).to include(
-        { 'name' => 'spec_tag', 'type' => 'added' }
+        { 'name' => 'spec_tag', 'restore_name' => 'spec_tag',
+          'external' => false, 'type' => 'added' }
       )
       expect(first.fetch('created_at')).to eq(t_v1.iso8601)
     end
@@ -2435,7 +2438,9 @@ RSpec.describe 'Posts API', type: :request do
       expect(response).to have_http_status(:ok)
       expect(json.fetch('count')).to eq(3)
       expect(json.fetch('versions').first.fetch('tags')).to include(
-          'name' => primary_tag_name_for(tag2, 'ja').name, 'type' => 'context')
+          'name' => primary_tag_name_for(tag2, 'ja').name,
+          'restore_name' => primary_tag_name_for(tag2, 'ja').name,
+          'external' => false, 'type' => 'context')
     end
 
     it 'filters versions by tag when the current snapshot includes the tag' do
@@ -2449,7 +2454,8 @@ RSpec.describe 'Posts API', type: :request do
       expect(versions[0]['post_id']).to eq(post_record.id)
       expect(versions[0]['version_no']).to eq(2)
       expect(versions[0]['tags']).to include(
-        { 'name' => 'spec_tag_2', 'type' => 'added' }
+        { 'name' => 'spec_tag_2', 'restore_name' => 'spec_tag_2',
+          'external' => false, 'type' => 'added' }
       )
     end
 
@@ -2467,10 +2473,12 @@ RSpec.describe 'Posts API', type: :request do
       first = versions[1]
 
       expect(latest['tags']).to include(
-        { 'name' => 'spec_tag', 'type' => 'removed' }
+        { 'name' => 'spec_tag', 'restore_name' => 'spec_tag',
+          'external' => false, 'type' => 'removed' }
       )
       expect(first['tags']).to include(
-        { 'name' => 'spec_tag', 'type' => 'added' }
+        { 'name' => 'spec_tag', 'restore_name' => 'spec_tag',
+          'external' => false, 'type' => 'added' }
       )
     end
 

backend/spec/requests/sitemap_entries_spec.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,155 @@
+require 'rails_helper'
+
+RSpec.describe 'Sitemap entries API', type: :request do
+  include_context 'Ainu locale'
+
+  let(:user) { create(:user, :member) }
+
+  it 'serves public resource counts with the default locale and page size' do
+    create(:post)
+    create(:tag, primary_name: 'sitemap_count_tag')
+
+    get '/sitemap_entries'
+
+    expect(response).to have_http_status(:ok)
+    expect(json.fetch('page_size')).to eq(1_000)
+    counts = json.fetch('resources').to_h { |entry|
+      [entry.fetch('resource'), entry.fetch('count')]
+    }
+    expect(counts).to eq(
+        'posts' => Post.count, 'tags' => Tag.count, 'deerjikists' => 0,
+        'materials' => 0, 'descriptions' => 0, 'tag_groups' => 0, 'theatres' => 0)
+  end
+
+  it 'paginates public post IDs in ascending order without exposing post contents' do
+    stub_const('SitemapEntriesController::PAGE_SIZE', 2)
+    posts = create_list(:post, 3)
+
+    get '/sitemap_entries/posts'
+    expect(response).to have_http_status(:ok)
+    expect(json).to eq('ids' => posts.first(2).map(&:id))
+
+    get '/sitemap_entries/posts', params: { page: 2 }
+    expect(response).to have_http_status(:ok)
+    expect(json).to eq('ids' => [posts.last.id])
+
+    get '/sitemap_entries/posts', params: { page: 3 }
+    expect(response).to have_http_status(:not_found)
+  end
+
+  ['0', '-1', 'invalid', '1.5'].each do |page|
+    it "rejects invalid sitemap page #{ page.inspect }" do
+      get '/sitemap_entries/posts', params: { page: }
+
+      expect(response).to have_http_status(:bad_request)
+    end
+  end
+
+  it 'rejects unsupported resource names' do
+    get '/sitemap_entries/users'
+
+    expect(response).to have_http_status(:not_found)
+  end
+
+  it 'returns an empty first page for a resource without entries' do
+    get '/sitemap_entries/posts'
+
+    expect(response).to have_http_status(:ok)
+    expect(json).to eq('ids' => [])
+  end
+
+  it 'rejects unregistered, deprecated and unsupported locales' do
+    get '/sitemap_entries', params: { locale: 'ain-Kana' }
+    expect(response).to have_http_status(:not_found)
+
+    locale.update!(deprecated_at: Time.current)
+    ['/sitemap_entries', '/sitemap_entries/posts'].each do |path|
+      get path, params: { locale: 'ain-Kana' }
+      expect(response).to have_http_status(:not_found)
+
+      get path, params: { locale: 'en' }
+      expect(response).to have_http_status(:not_found)
+    end
+  end
+
+  it 'only lists live materials and theatres' do
+    material = Material.create!(url: 'https://example.com/sitemap-material')
+    discarded_material = Material.create!(url: 'https://example.com/sitemap-discarded')
+    discarded_material.discard!
+    theatre = create(:theatre)
+    create(:theatre).discard!
+
+    get '/sitemap_entries/materials'
+    expect(response).to have_http_status(:ok)
+    expect(json).to eq('ids' => [material.id])
+
+    get '/sitemap_entries/theatres'
+    expect(response).to have_http_status(:ok)
+    expect(json).to eq('ids' => [theatre.id])
+  end
+
+  context 'with an active Ainu locale' do
+    before { locale }
+
+    it 'uses tag IDs and only includes deerjikists with linked accounts' do
+      tagged = create(:tag, primary_name: 'sitemap_deer', category: :deerjikist)
+      unlinked = create(:tag, primary_name: 'sitemap_unlinked', category: :deerjikist)
+      Deerjikist.create!(tag: tagged, platform: 'youtube', code: 'sitemap-channel')
+      Deerjikist.create!(tag: tagged, platform: 'nico', code: 'sitemap-nico')
+
+      get '/sitemap_entries/tags', params: { locale: 'ain-Kana' }
+      expect(response).to have_http_status(:ok)
+      expect(json.fetch('ids')).to contain_exactly(tagged.id, unlinked.id)
+
+      get '/sitemap_entries/deerjikists', params: { locale: 'ain-Kana' }
+      expect(response).to have_http_status(:ok)
+      expect(json).to eq('ids' => [tagged.id])
+    end
+
+    it 'lists description IDs for the requested language with a nonempty current version' do
+      tag = create(:tag, primary_name: 'sitemap_description')
+      japanese = TagDescriptionOperation.create!(
+          Locale.nipponese, tag:, body: 'Japanese sitemap body', created_by_user: user)
+      ainu = TagDescriptionOperation.create!(
+          locale, tag:, body: 'Ainu sitemap body', created_by_user: user)
+      unversioned_tag = create(:tag, primary_name: 'sitemap_unversioned')
+      TagDescription.create!(tag: unversioned_tag, language_code: 'ain',
+                             body: 'No revision', version_no: 1)
+      empty_tag = create(:tag, primary_name: 'sitemap_empty')
+      # Legacy empty bodies can exist even though the write service rejects them.
+      empty = TagDescription.create!(tag: empty_tag, language_code: 'ain',
+                                     body: '', version_no: 1)
+      TagDescriptionVersion.create!(tag_id: empty_tag.id, language_code: 'ain',
+                                    body: '', version_no: 1, event_type: 'create',
+                                    created_by_user_id: user.id, created_at: Time.current)
+
+      get '/sitemap_entries/descriptions', params: { locale: 'ain-Kana' }
+      expect(response).to have_http_status(:ok)
+      expect(json).to eq('ids' => [ainu.id])
+      expect(json.fetch('ids')).not_to include(japanese.id, empty.id)
+
+      get '/sitemap_entries/descriptions', params: { locale: 'ja' }
+      expect(response).to have_http_status(:ok)
+      expect(json).to eq('ids' => [japanese.id])
+
+      get '/sitemap_entries', params: { locale: 'ain-Kana' }
+      expect(response).to have_http_status(:ok)
+      descriptions = json.fetch('resources').find { |entry|
+        entry.fetch('resource') == 'descriptions'
+      }
+      expect(descriptions.fetch('count')).to eq(1)
+    end
+
+    it 'excludes groups without a revision matching the current version' do
+      group = TagGroupOperation.create!(
+          Locale.nipponese, name: 'Sitemap group', description: 'Group description',
+          members: [], placements: [], actor: user)
+      TagGroup.create!(name: 'Unversioned sitemap group', version_no: 1)
+
+      get '/sitemap_entries/tag_groups', params: { locale: 'ain-Kana' }
+
+      expect(response).to have_http_status(:ok)
+      expect(json).to eq('ids' => [group.id])
+    end
+  end
+end

backend/spec/requests/tag_description_wiki_write_spec.rb

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ RSpec.describe 'Tag description Wiki facade writes', type: :request do
   include WikiRecords
   let!(:user) { create_member_user! }
   let!(:tag) { create(:tag, primary_name: 'description_write') }
-  let(:headers) { { 'X-Transfer-Code' => user.inheritance_code } }
+  let(:headers) { cookie_headers(user) }
 
   def stored_state
     [Tag, TagName, TagVersion, TagDescription, TagDescriptionVersion].map do |model|

backend/spec/requests/tag_descriptions_spec.rb

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ RSpec.describe 'Tag description native API', type: :request do
   let(:editor) { create(:user, :member, name: 'description editor') }
   let(:tag_name) { create(:tag_name, name: 'native_description') }
   let(:tag) { create(:tag, primary_tag_name: tag_name) }
-  let(:headers) { { 'X-Transfer-Code' => editor.inheritance_code } }
+  let(:headers) { cookie_headers(editor) }
   let(:endpoint) { "/tags/#{ tag.id }/description" }
 
   def stored_state
@@ -285,7 +285,7 @@ RSpec.describe 'Tag description native API', type: :request do
       guest = create(:user, :guest)
       before_state = stored_state
       native_write(body: 'forbidden',
-                   request_headers: { 'X-Transfer-Code' => guest.inheritance_code })
+                   request_headers: cookie_headers(guest))
       expect(response).to have_http_status(:forbidden)
       expect(stored_state).to eq(before_state)
     end
@@ -294,7 +294,7 @@ RSpec.describe 'Tag description native API', type: :request do
       banned = create(:user, :member, :banned)
       before_state = stored_state
       native_write(body: 'forbidden',
-                   request_headers: { 'X-Transfer-Code' => banned.inheritance_code })
+                   request_headers: cookie_headers(banned))
       expect(response).to have_http_status(:forbidden)
       expect(stored_state).to eq(before_state)
     end

backend/spec/requests/tag_group_locale_spec.rb

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ RSpec.describe 'Tag group locale contracts', type: :request do
   let!(:user) { create_member_user! }
   let!(:tag) { create(:tag, primary_name: 'japanese_member') }
   let!(:ainu_name) { add_ainu_name(tag, 'ainu_member') }
-  let(:headers) { { 'X-Transfer-Code' => user.inheritance_code } }
+  let(:headers) { cookie_headers(user) }
   let(:members) { [{ 'tag_id' => tag.id }] }
   let(:placements) do
     [{ 'section_name' => 'section', 'description' => nil, 'children' => [
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ RSpec.describe 'Tag group locale contracts', type: :request do
 
   it 'uses selected-language names in native collection and nested placements' do
     ["/tag_groups/#{ group.id }", '/tag_groups'].each do |path|
-      get path, params: { locale: 'ain' }
+      get path, params: { locale: 'ain-Kana' }
       expect(response).to have_http_status(:ok)
       representation = json.is_a?(Array) ? json.sole : json
       expect(representation.fetch('members').sole.fetch('tag').fetch('name'))
@@ -37,14 +37,14 @@ RSpec.describe 'Tag group locale contracts', type: :request do
   it 'uses snapshot names recursively for history and current names for the latest view' do
     version = group.versions.sole
     ainu_name.update!(name: 'renamed_ainu')
-    get "/wiki/#{ group.id }", params: { locale: 'ain' }
+    get "/wiki/#{ group.id }", params: { locale: 'ain-Kana' }
     expect(response).to have_http_status(:ok)
     expect(json.fetch('body')).to include('renamed_ainu')
-    get "/wiki/#{ group.id }", params: { locale: 'ain', version: version.id }
+    get "/wiki/#{ group.id }", params: { locale: 'ain-Kana', version: version.id }
     expect(response).to have_http_status(:ok)
     expect(json.fetch('body').scan('ainu_member').length).to eq(2)
     expect(json.fetch('body')).not_to include('renamed_ainu', 'japanese_member')
-    get "/wiki/#{ group.id }/diff", params: { locale: 'ain', from: version.id }
+    get "/wiki/#{ group.id }/diff", params: { locale: 'ain-Kana', from: version.id }
     expect(response).to have_http_status(:ok)
     expect(json.fetch('diff').map { _1.fetch('type') }.uniq).to eq(['context'])
   end
@@ -52,23 +52,24 @@ RSpec.describe 'Tag group locale contracts', type: :request do
   ['タググループ:', 'tag_group:', 'TAG_GROUP:'].each do |prefix|
     it "round trips #{ prefix } through create, lookup, search and update" do
       post '/wiki', params: {
-          locale: 'ain', title: "#{ prefix }parent", body: '- tag_group:locale group' },
+          locale: 'ain-Kana', title: "#{ prefix }parent", body: '- tag_group:locale group' },
           headers: headers
       expect(response).to have_http_status(:created)
       id = json.fetch('id')
       expect(json.fetch('body')).to include('タググループ:locale group')
       path = "/wiki/title/#{ CGI.escapeURIComponent("#{ prefix }parent") }"
-      get path, params: { locale: 'ain' }
+      get path, params: { locale: 'ain-Kana' }
       expect(response).to have_http_status(:ok)
       expect(json.fetch('id')).to eq(id)
-      get "#{ path }/exists", params: { locale: 'ain' }
+      get "#{ path }/exists", params: { locale: 'ain-Kana' }
       expect(response).to have_http_status(:no_content)
-      get '/wiki/search', params: { locale: 'ain', title: "#{ prefix }parent" }
+      get '/wiki/search', params: { locale: 'ain-Kana', title: "#{ prefix }parent" }
       expect(json.map { _1.fetch('id') }).to eq([id])
       put "/wiki/#{ id }", params: {
-          locale: 'ain', title: "#{ prefix }renamed", body: '- ainu_member' }, headers: headers
+          locale: 'ain-Kana', title: "#{ prefix }renamed", body: '- ainu_member' },
+          headers: headers
       expect(response).to have_http_status(:ok)
-      get "/tag_groups/#{ id }", params: { locale: 'ain' }
+      get "/tag_groups/#{ id }", params: { locale: 'ain-Kana' }
       expect(json.fetch('members').sole.fetch('tag').fetch('name')).to eq('ainu_member')
     end
   end
@@ -81,7 +82,7 @@ RSpec.describe 'Tag group locale contracts', type: :request do
     end.to raise_error(TagGroupMarkdownParser::InvalidDocument)
     before_state = group_state
     put "/wiki/#{ group.id }", params: {
-        locale: 'ain', title: 'タググループ:partial rename', body: '- japanese_member' },
+        locale: 'ain-Kana', title: 'タググループ:partial rename', body: '- japanese_member' },
         headers: headers
     expect(response).to have_http_status(:unprocessable_entity)
     expect(group_state).to eq(before_state)
@@ -89,15 +90,15 @@ RSpec.describe 'Tag group locale contracts', type: :request do
 
   it 'passes locale into native validation and facade compatibility checks' do
     post '/tag_groups', params: {
-        locale: 'ain', name: 'native', description: nil, members:, placements: },
+        locale: 'ain-Kana', name: 'native', description: nil, members:, placements: },
         headers:, as: :json
     expect(response).to have_http_status(:created)
     id = json.fetch('id')
     expect(json.fetch('members').sole.fetch('tag').fetch('name')).to eq('ainu_member')
-    get "/wiki/#{ id }", params: { locale: 'ain' }
+    get "/wiki/#{ id }", params: { locale: 'ain-Kana' }
     expect(response).to have_http_status(:ok)
     body = json.fetch('body')
-    put "/wiki/#{ id }", params: { locale: 'ain', title: 'tag_group:native', body: },
+    put "/wiki/#{ id }", params: { locale: 'ain-Kana', title: 'tag_group:native', body: },
         headers: headers
     expect(response).to have_http_status(:ok)
     expect(TagGroup.find(id).version_no).to eq(1)
@@ -115,7 +116,7 @@ RSpec.describe 'Tag group locale contracts', type: :request do
     representation = TagGroupRepr.historical(ainu_locale, version)
     expect(representation.fetch('members').sole.fetch('tag').fetch('name')).to be_nil
     expect(representation.fetch('placements').sole.fetch('tag').fetch('name')).to be_nil
-    get "/wiki/#{ old_group.id }", params: { locale: 'ain', version: version.id }
+    get "/wiki/#{ old_group.id }", params: { locale: 'ain-Kana', version: version.id }
     expect(response).to have_http_status(:unprocessable_entity)
     expect(response.body).not_to include('historical_japanese', 'current_ainu')
   end

backend/spec/requests/tag_group_markdown_spec.rb

@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ RSpec.describe 'Tag group Markdown round trips through the Wiki facade', type: :
         markdown.lines.map(&:chomp).reject(&:empty?))
 
     post '/wiki', params: { title: 'タググループ:再解析', body: },
-         headers: { 'X-Transfer-Code' => user.inheritance_code }
+         headers: cookie_headers(user)
     expect(response).to have_http_status(:created)
     parsed = group_rows('tag_groups', name: '再解析').sole
     expect_group_snapshot(parsed.fetch('id'), number: 1, placements:, members:, description:)

backend/spec/requests/tag_group_wiki_write_spec.rb

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ RSpec.describe 'Tag group Wiki facade writes', type: :request do
   let!(:user) { create_member_user! }
   let!(:tag) { group_tag('洗澡鹿') }
   let!(:other_tag) { group_tag('伊地知ニジカ') }
-  let(:headers) { { 'X-Transfer-Code' => user.inheritance_code } }
+  let(:headers) { cookie_headers(user) }
   let(:members) { [{ 'tag_id' => tag.id, 'version_no' => tag.version_no }] }
   let(:placements) { [{ 'tag_id' => tag.id, 'children' => [] }] }
 
@@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ RSpec.describe 'Tag group Wiki facade writes', type: :request do
       body = group_markdown(page)
       travel_to(1.hour.from_now) do
         expect_noop_group_update(group_id: page.id) do
-          update_group(body:, request_headers: { 'X-Transfer-Code' => editor.inheritance_code })
+          update_group(body:, request_headers: cookie_headers(editor))
         end
       end
     end
@@ -212,7 +212,7 @@ RSpec.describe 'Tag group Wiki facade writes', type: :request do
     it 'records the editor and update time' do
       editor = create(:user, :member, name: '編輯者')
       travel_to(Time.current + 1.hour) do
-        update_group(request_headers: { 'X-Transfer-Code' => editor.inheritance_code })
+        update_group(request_headers: cookie_headers(editor))
         expect(response).to have_http_status(:ok)
         current = group_rows('tag_groups', id: page.id).sole
         version = group_version(page.id, 2)
@@ -271,7 +271,7 @@ RSpec.describe 'Tag group Wiki facade writes', type: :request do
           when :guest then create(:user, :guest)
           when :banned then create(:user, :member, :banned)
           end
-          request_headers = actor ? { 'X-Transfer-Code' => actor.inheritance_code } : { }
+          request_headers = actor ? cookie_headers(actor) : { }
           before_state = group_state
           write_group(operation, request_headers)
           expect(response).to have_http_status(role ? :forbidden : :unauthorized)

backend/spec/requests/tag_group_write_integrity_spec.rb

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ RSpec.describe 'Tag group write integrity', type: :request do
   let!(:user) { create_member_user! }
   let!(:tag) { group_tag('洗澡鹿') }
   let!(:other_tag) { group_tag('伊地知ニジカ') }
-  let(:headers) { { 'X-Transfer-Code' => user.inheritance_code } }
+  let(:headers) { cookie_headers(user) }
   let(:members) { [{ 'tag_id' => tag.id, 'version_no' => tag.version_no }] }
   let(:placements) { [{ 'tag_id' => tag.id, 'children' => [] }] }
 
@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ RSpec.describe 'Tag group write integrity', type: :request do
     end
     let!(:id) { seed_group(name: '更新', members:, placements:) }
     let!(:editor) { create(:user, :member) }
-    let(:headers) { { 'X-Transfer-Code' => editor.inheritance_code } }
+    let(:headers) { cookie_headers(editor) }
 
     it 'keeps all membership and placement audit fields on a name-only edit' do
       before_rows = group_state.slice('tag_group_tags', 'tag_group_groups', 'tag_group_placements')

backend/spec/requests/tag_groups_spec.rb

@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ RSpec.describe 'Tag group native API', type: :request do
         when :guest then create(:user, :guest)
         when :banned then create(:user, :member, :banned)
         end
-        headers = actor ? { 'X-Transfer-Code' => actor.inheritance_code } : { }
+        headers = actor ? cookie_headers(actor) : { }
         before_state = group_state
         if operation == :create
           post '/tag_groups', params: { }, headers:, as: :json
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ RSpec.describe 'Tag group native API', type: :request do
 
     it "rejects a banned IP for native #{ operation }" do
       IpAddress.create!(ip_address: IPAddr.new('127.0.0.1').hton, banned_at: Time.current)
-      headers = { 'X-Transfer-Code' => user.inheritance_code }
+      headers = cookie_headers(user)
       before_state = group_state
       if operation == :create
         post '/tag_groups', params: { }, headers:, as: :json
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ RSpec.describe 'Tag group native API', type: :request do
     let!(:tag) { group_tag('掲載タグ') }
     let!(:unplaced) { group_tag('未掲載タグ') }
     let!(:child_id) { seed_group(name: '子', description: '子の説明') }
-    let(:headers) { { 'X-Transfer-Code' => user.inheritance_code } }
+    let(:headers) { cookie_headers(user) }
     let(:members) do
       [{ 'tag_id' => tag.id }, { 'tag_group_id' => child_id }, { 'tag_id' => unplaced.id }]
     end
@@ -300,7 +300,7 @@ RSpec.describe 'Tag group native API', type: :request do
           travel_to(1.hour.from_now) do
             expect_noop_group_update(group_id:) do
               put "/tag_groups/#{ group_id }", params: synchronised_payload,
-                  headers: { 'X-Transfer-Code' => editor.inheritance_code }, as: :json
+                  headers: cookie_headers(editor), as: :json
             end
           end
         end

backend/spec/requests/tag_resource_ids_spec.rb

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ require 'rails_helper'
 RSpec.describe 'Tag resource ID allocation', type: :request do
   include WikiRecords
   let!(:user) { create_member_user! }
-  let(:headers) { { 'X-Transfer-Code' => user.inheritance_code } }
+  let(:headers) { cookie_headers(user) }
 
   def create_description name
     tag = create(:tag, primary_name: name)

backend/spec/requests/users_spec.rb

@@ -10,7 +10,31 @@ RSpec.describe 'Users', type: :request do
   end
 
   def auth_headers(user)
-    { 'X-Transfer-Code' => user.inheritance_code }
+    cookie_headers(user)
+  end
+
+  describe 'GET /users/session' do
+    it 'does not accept the retired transfer-code header' do
+      user = create(:user)
+      get '/users/session', headers: { 'X-Transfer-Code' => user.inheritance_code }
+      expect(response).to have_http_status(:unauthorized)
+    end
+
+    it 'requires authentication' do
+      get '/users/session'
+      expect(response).to have_http_status(:unauthorized)
+    end
+
+    it 'returns public user fields without recording a visit' do
+      user = create(:user, name: 'SSR user')
+      expect {
+        get '/users/session', headers: auth_headers(user)
+      }.not_to change(UserIp, :count)
+
+      expect(response).to have_http_status(:ok)
+      expect(json).to eq('id' => user.id, 'name' => user.name, 'role' => user.role)
+      expect(response.body).not_to include(user.inheritance_code)
+    end
   end
 
   describe 'POST /users' do
@@ -233,17 +257,102 @@ RSpec.describe 'Users', type: :request do
     end
   end
 
+  describe 'Cookie sessions with CSRF enabled', csrf: true do
+    def csrf_headers
+      get '/users/csrf'
+      expect(response).to have_http_status(:ok)
+      { 'X-CSRF-Token' => json.fetch('token'), 'Origin' => 'http://www.example.com' }
+    end
+
+    def establish_session(user)
+      post '/users/verify', params: { code: user.inheritance_code }, headers: csrf_headers
+      expect(response).to have_http_status(:ok)
+      expect(json.fetch('valid')).to be(true)
+    end
+
+    it 'rejects a write without a token before creating an account' do
+      expect { post '/users' }.not_to change(User, :count)
+      expect(response).to have_http_status(:forbidden)
+      expect(response.headers['X-CSRF-Invalid']).to eq('1')
+    end
+
+    it 'uses the encrypted persistent Cookie for CSR and SSR session reads' do
+      user = create(:user)
+      establish_session(user)
+      cookie = Array(response.headers['set-cookie']).join
+      expect(cookie).to include('httponly', 'samesite=lax')
+      expect(cookie).not_to include(user.inheritance_code)
+      expires = Time.httpdate(cookie.match(/expires=([^;]+)/i)[1])
+      expect(expires).to be > 19.years.from_now
+      get '/users/session'
+      expect(json.fetch('id')).to eq(user.id)
+      expect(response.body).not_to include(user.inheritance_code)
+      get '/users/me'
+      expect(json.fetch('inheritance_code')).to eq(user.inheritance_code)
+      expect(response.headers['Cache-Control']).to include('no-store')
+    end
+
+    it 'rejects a cross-origin write with an otherwise valid token' do
+      headers = csrf_headers.merge('Origin' => 'https://other.invalid')
+      expect { post '/users', headers: }.not_to change(User, :count)
+      expect(response).to have_http_status(:forbidden)
+    end
+
+    it 'does not replace an existing Cookie identity during recovery' do
+      current = create(:user)
+      old = create(:user)
+      establish_session(current)
+      post '/users/verify', params: { code: old.inheritance_code, restore: true },
+                           headers: csrf_headers
+      expect(json.fetch('user').fetch('id')).to eq(current.id)
+      get '/users/session'
+      expect(json.fetch('id')).to eq(current.id)
+    end
+
+    it 'allows explicit transfer and refreshes the active session' do
+      first = create(:user)
+      second = create(:user)
+      establish_session(first)
+      establish_session(second)
+      get '/users/session'
+      expect(json.fetch('id')).to eq(second.id)
+    end
+
+    it 'keeps the renewed session and rejects the previous credential' do
+      user = create(:user)
+      establish_session(user)
+      old_cookie = Array(response.headers['set-cookie']).first.split(';').first
+      old_code = user.inheritance_code
+      post '/users/code/renew', headers: csrf_headers
+      expect(response).to have_http_status(:ok)
+      expect(json.fetch('code')).not_to eq(old_code)
+      get '/users/session'
+      expect(json.fetch('id')).to eq(user.id)
+      other_browser = ActionDispatch::Integration::Session.new(Rails.application)
+      other_browser.get('/users/session', headers: { 'Cookie' => old_cookie })
+      expect(other_browser.response).to have_http_status(:unauthorized)
+    end
+
+    it 'clears browser authentication on session deletion' do
+      establish_session(create(:user))
+      delete '/users/session', headers: csrf_headers
+      expect(response).to have_http_status(:no_content)
+      get '/users/session'
+      expect(response).to have_http_status(:unauthorized)
+    end
+  end
+
   describe 'GET /users/me' do
-    it 'returns 404 when code not found' do
+    it 'requires a session even when a code is supplied in the query' do
       get '/users/me', params: { code: 'nope' }
 
-      expect(response).to have_http_status(:not_found)
+      expect(response).to have_http_status(:unauthorized)
     end
 
     it 'returns user slice when found' do
       user = create(:user, inheritance_code: SecureRandom.uuid, name: 'me', role: 'guest')
 
-      get '/users/me', params: { code: user.inheritance_code }
+      get '/users/me', headers: cookie_headers(user)
 
       expect(response).to have_http_status(:ok)
       expect(json['id']).to eq(user.id)

backend/spec/requests/wiki_conflict_spec.rb

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ RSpec.describe 'Wiki conflict handling', type: :request do
   let!(:user) { create_member_user! }
 
   def auth_headers user
-    { 'X-Transfer-Code' => user.inheritance_code }
+    cookie_headers(user)
   end
 
   it 'returns 409 when base_revision_id is stale' do

backend/spec/requests/wiki_creation_freeze_spec.rb

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ RSpec.describe 'Wiki creation freeze', type: :request do
   include WikiRecords
 
   let!(:user) { create_member_user! }
-  let(:headers) { { 'X-Transfer-Code' => user.inheritance_code } }
+  let(:headers) { cookie_headers(user) }
 
 
   context 'existing description write protection' do
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ RSpec.describe 'Wiki creation freeze', type: :request do
       it "rejects #{ role || 'anonymous' } without changing either history" do
         actor = role && create(:user, role == :banned ? :member : role)
         actor.update!(banned_at: Time.current) if role == :banned
-        request_headers = actor ? { 'X-Transfer-Code' => actor.inheritance_code } : { }
+        request_headers = actor ? cookie_headers(actor) : { }
         before_state = group_state
         put "/wiki/#{ page.id }", params: { title: tag.name('ja'), body: 'after' },
             headers: request_headers

backend/spec/requests/wiki_locale_spec.rb

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ RSpec.describe 'Wiki and native API locale contracts', type: :request do
   let!(:user) { create_member_user! }
   let!(:tag) { create(:tag, primary_name: 'japanese_title') }
   let!(:ainu_name) { add_ainu_name(tag, 'ainu_title') }
-  let(:headers) { { 'X-Transfer-Code' => user.inheritance_code } }
+  let(:headers) { cookie_headers(user) }
   let!(:japanese) do
     TagDescriptionOperation.create!(
         Locale.nipponese, tag:, body: 'Japanese body', created_by_user: user)
@@ -20,12 +20,12 @@ RSpec.describe 'Wiki and native API locale contracts', type: :request do
 
   ['/wiki', '/wiki/search'].each do |path|
     it "filters #{ path } by the selected language" do
-      get path, params: { locale: 'ain' }
+      get path, params: { locale: 'ain-Kana' }
       expect(response).to have_http_status(:ok)
       expect(json.map { _1.fetch('id') }).to eq([ainu.id])
       expect(json.sole).to include('title' => 'ainu_title', 'body' => 'Ainu body')
 
-      get path, params: { locale: 'ain', title: 'japanese' }
+      get path, params: { locale: 'ain-Kana', title: 'japanese' }
       expect(response).to have_http_status(:ok)
       expect(json).to eq([])
     end
@@ -39,32 +39,50 @@ RSpec.describe 'Wiki and native API locale contracts', type: :request do
 
   it 'resolves titles and aliases only in the selected language in both APIs' do
     ['/wiki/title/japanese_title', '/tags/name/japanese_title/description'].each do |path|
-      get path, params: { locale: 'ain' }
+      get path, params: { locale: 'ain-Kana' }
       expect(response).to have_http_status(:not_found)
     end
     ['/wiki/title/ainu_title', '/tags/name/ainu_title/description'].each do |path|
-      get path, params: { locale: 'ain' }
+      get path, params: { locale: 'ain-Kana' }
       expect(response).to have_http_status(:ok)
       expect(json.fetch('body')).to eq('Ainu body')
     end
-    get '/wiki/title/ainu_title/exists', params: { locale: 'ain' }
+    get '/wiki/title/ainu_title/exists', params: { locale: 'ain-Kana' }
     expect(response).to have_http_status(:no_content)
-    get '/wiki/title/japanese_title/exists', params: { locale: 'ain' }
+    get '/wiki/title/japanese_title/exists', params: { locale: 'ain-Kana' }
     expect(response).to have_http_status(:not_found)
   end
 
-  it 'does not disclose another language through ID, existence, diff or history' do
+  it 'resolves a foreign description ID to only the requested language body' do
+    get "/wiki/#{ japanese.id }", params: { locale: 'ain-Kana' }
+    expect(response).to have_http_status(:ok)
+    expect(json).to include('id' => ainu.id, 'body' => 'Ainu body')
+    expect(response.body).not_to include('Japanese body')
+  end
+
+  it 'does not reuse foreign revision IDs when resolving a description' do
+    get "/wiki/#{ japanese.id }", params: {
+        locale: 'ain-Kana', version: current_description_version(japanese).id }
+    expect(response).to have_http_status(:not_found)
+    expect(response.body).not_to include('Japanese body')
+  end
+
+  it 'keeps existence and diff scoped to the specified language and description ID' do
     revision = current_description_version(japanese)
-    ["/wiki/#{ japanese.id }", "/wiki/#{ japanese.id }/exists",
-     "/wiki/#{ japanese.id }/diff"].each do |path|
-      get path, params: { locale: 'ain', from: revision.id }
+    ["/wiki/#{ japanese.id }/exists", "/wiki/#{ japanese.id }/diff"].each do |path|
+      get path, params: { locale: 'ain-Kana', from: revision.id }
       expect(response).to have_http_status(:not_found)
       expect(response.body).not_to include('Japanese body')
     end
-    get '/wiki/changes', params: { locale: 'ain', id: japanese.id }
+    get "/wiki/#{ ainu.id }/exists", params: { locale: 'ain-Kana' }
+    expect(response).to have_http_status(:no_content)
+  end
+
+  it 'keeps history scoped to the requested language without foreign revisions' do
+    get '/wiki/changes', params: { locale: 'ain-Kana', id: japanese.id }
     expect(response).to have_http_status(:ok)
     expect(json).to eq([])
-    get '/wiki/changes', params: { locale: 'ain' }
+    get '/wiki/changes', params: { locale: 'ain-Kana' }
     expect(json.map { _1.fetch('revision_id') })
         .to eq([current_description_version(ainu).id])
   end
@@ -73,7 +91,7 @@ RSpec.describe 'Wiki and native API locale contracts', type: :request do
     snapshot = [japanese.attributes, ainu.attributes, ainu_name.attributes]
     expect do
       put "/wiki/#{ japanese.id }", params: {
-          locale: 'ain', title: 'renamed', body: 'wrong target' }, headers: headers
+          locale: 'ain-Kana', title: 'renamed', body: 'wrong target' }, headers: headers
     end.not_to change(TagDescriptionVersion, :count)
     expect(response).to have_http_status(:not_found)
     expect([japanese.reload.attributes, ainu.reload.attributes, ainu_name.reload.attributes])
@@ -89,10 +107,10 @@ RSpec.describe 'Wiki and native API locale contracts', type: :request do
       snapshot = original.attributes
       expect do
         if api == :wiki
-          post '/wiki', params: { locale: 'ain', title: 'other_ainu', body: 'created' },
+          post '/wiki', params: { locale: 'ain-Kana', title: 'other_ainu', body: 'created' },
                headers: headers
         else
-          put "/tags/#{ other.id }/description", params: { locale: 'ain', body: 'created' },
+          put "/tags/#{ other.id }/description", params: { locale: 'ain-Kana', body: 'created' },
               headers: headers
         end
       end.to change(TagDescription, :count).by(1)
@@ -108,20 +126,20 @@ RSpec.describe 'Wiki and native API locale contracts', type: :request do
   it 'shares selected-language edits and revision identity across both APIs' do
     snapshot = japanese.attributes
     first = current_description_version(ainu)
-    put "/tags/#{ tag.id }/description", params: { locale: 'ain', body: 'native edit' },
+    put "/tags/#{ tag.id }/description", params: { locale: 'ain-Kana', body: 'native edit' },
         headers: headers
     expect(response).to have_http_status(:ok)
     second = current_description_version(ainu)
     expect(second).to have_attributes(language_code: 'ain', version_no: 2)
     expect(second.id).not_to eq(first.id)
-    get "/wiki/#{ ainu.id }", params: { locale: 'ain' }
+    get "/wiki/#{ ainu.id }", params: { locale: 'ain-Kana' }
     expect(json).to include('body' => 'native edit', 'revision_id' => second.id)
 
     put "/wiki/#{ ainu.id }", params: {
-        locale: 'ain', title: 'ainu_title', body: 'facade edit',
+        locale: 'ain-Kana', title: 'ainu_title', body: 'facade edit',
         base_revision_id: second.id }, headers: headers
     expect(response).to have_http_status(:ok)
-    get "/tags/#{ tag.id }/description", params: { locale: 'ain' }
+    get "/tags/#{ tag.id }/description", params: { locale: 'ain-Kana' }
     expect(json).to include('body' => 'facade edit', 'language_code' => 'ain', 'version_no' => 3)
     expect(japanese.reload.attributes).to eq(snapshot)
   end
@@ -133,7 +151,7 @@ RSpec.describe 'Wiki and native API locale contracts', type: :request do
     snapshot = [ainu.reload.attributes, ainu_name.attributes, japanese.attributes]
     expect do
       put "/wiki/#{ ainu.id }", params: {
-          locale: 'ain', title: 'conflicting_name', body: 'current',
+          locale: 'ain-Kana', title: 'conflicting_name', body: 'current',
           base_revision_id: stale.id }, headers: headers
     end.to change(TagDescriptionVersion, :count).by(0).and change(TagVersion, :count).by(0)
     expect(response).to have_http_status(:conflict)
@@ -145,14 +163,14 @@ RSpec.describe 'Wiki and native API locale contracts', type: :request do
     first = current_description_version(ainu)
     TagDescriptionOperation.update!(
         ainu_locale, tag:, body: 'later', updated_by_user: user)
-    get "/wiki/#{ ainu.id }", params: { locale: 'ain', version: first.id }
+    get "/wiki/#{ ainu.id }", params: { locale: 'ain-Kana', version: first.id }
     expect(response).to have_http_status(:ok)
     expect(json).to include('body' => 'Ainu body', 'revision_id' => first.id)
-    get "/wiki/#{ ainu.id }/diff", params: { locale: 'ain', from: first.id }
+    get "/wiki/#{ ainu.id }/diff", params: { locale: 'ain-Kana', from: first.id }
     expect(response).to have_http_status(:ok)
     expect(json.fetch('newer_revision_id')).to eq(current_description_version(ainu).id)
     get "/wiki/#{ ainu.id }/diff", params: {
-        locale: 'ain', from: current_description_version(japanese).id }
+        locale: 'ain-Kana', from: current_description_version(japanese).id }
     expect(response).to have_http_status(:not_found)
   end
 end

backend/spec/requests/wiki_spec.rb

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ require 'securerandom'
 RSpec.describe 'Wiki API', type: :request do
   include WikiRecords
   def auth_headers(user)
-    { 'X-Transfer-Code' => user.inheritance_code }
+    cookie_headers(user)
   end
 
   let!(:user) { create_member_user! }
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ RSpec.describe 'Wiki API', type: :request do
     let(:guest) { create(:user, role: 'guest') }
 
     def auth_headers(user)
-      { 'X-Transfer-Code' => user.inheritance_code }
+      cookie_headers(user)
     end
 
     context 'when not logged in' do
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ RSpec.describe 'Wiki API', type: :request do
     let(:guest)  { create(:user, role: 'guest',  inheritance_code: SecureRandom.hex(16)) }
 
     def auth_headers(user)
-      { 'X-Transfer-Code' => user.inheritance_code }
+      cookie_headers(user)
     end
 
     let!(:test_tag_name) { create(:tag, primary_name: 'TestPage').tag_name('ja') }

backend/spec/requests/wiki_title_collision_spec.rb

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ RSpec.describe 'Wiki title collision', type: :request do
   let!(:user) { create_member_user! }
 
   def auth_headers user
-    { 'X-Transfer-Code' => user.inheritance_code }
+    cookie_headers(user)
   end
 
   def create_wiki_page title:, body:

backend/spec/requests/wiki_unmigrated_contract_spec.rb

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ RSpec.describe 'Removed standalone Wiki resources', type: :request do
       user
       before_state = group_state
       post '/wiki', params: { title:, body: 'body' },
-           headers: { 'X-Transfer-Code' => user.inheritance_code }
+           headers: cookie_headers(user)
       expect(response).to have_http_status(:unprocessable_entity)
       expect(group_state).to eq(before_state)
     end

backend/spec/services/certified_tag_name_translations_spec.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+require 'rails_helper'
+require 'tempfile'
+
+RSpec.describe CertifiedTagNameTranslations do
+  let!(:language) { Language.create!(code: 'ain', name: 'ain') }
+  let!(:script) { Script.create!(code: 'Kana', name: 'Kana') }
+  let!(:tag) { create(:tag, primary_name: 'source') }
+  let(:entries) { [{ 'ja' => 'source', 'ain-Kana' => 'レ_ハイタ' }] }
+  let(:document) do
+    { 'format' => described_class::FORMAT,
+      'source_locale' => 'ja', 'target_locale' => 'ain-Kana', 'entries' => entries }
+  end
+  let(:locale) do
+    Locale.new(code: 'ain-Kana', language_code: 'ain', script_code: 'Kana',
+               region_code: 392, variants: '', name: 'Ainu')
+  end
+
+  around do |example|
+    Tempfile.create(['certified-names', '.json']) do |file|
+      @path = file.path
+      example.run
+    end
+  end
+
+  def write_document
+    File.write(@path, JSON.generate(document))
+    locale.certified_tag_names_path = @path
+  end
+
+  it 'registers certified names before automatic names and records their provenance' do
+    other = create(:tag, primary_name: 'レ_ハイタ')
+    write_document
+
+    locale.save!
+
+    expect(tag.reload.tag_name('ain')).to have_attributes(
+        name: 'レ_ハイタ', primary_flg: true, auto_generated: false)
+    expect(other.reload.tag_name('ain')).to have_attributes(
+        name: "Tag_##{ other.id }", auto_generated: true)
+    version = tag.tag_versions.order(:version_no).last
+    expect(version.created_by_user_id).to be_nil
+    expect(version.names.fetch('ain')).to include(
+        'name' => 'レ_ハイタ', 'auto_generated' => false)
+  end
+
+  it 'skips missing sources without rolling back the locale or matching entries' do
+    entries.unshift({ 'ja' => 'missing', 'ain-Kana' => 'unused' })
+    write_document
+
+    locale.save!
+
+    expect(locale).to be_persisted
+    expect(tag.reload.name('ain')).to eq('レ_ハイタ')
+    expect(TagName.exists?(language_code: 'ain', name: 'unused')).to be(false)
+  end
+
+  it 'matches source names exactly rather than using a case-insensitive collation' do
+    entries.first['ja'] = 'SOURCE'
+    write_document
+
+    expect(described_class.load!(@path, locale:)).to eq({})
+  end
+
+  it 'rejects ambiguous primary matches' do
+    write_document
+    relation = instance_double(ActiveRecord::Relation)
+    allow(TagName).to receive(:where).with(
+        language_code: 'ja', primary_flg: true, name: ['source']).and_return(relation)
+    allow(relation).to receive(:pluck).with(:name, :tag_id)
+        .and_return([['source', tag.id], ['source', tag.id + 1]])
+
+    expect { described_class.load!(@path, locale:) }
+        .to raise_error(described_class::Error, /source.*exactly one tag/)
+  end
+
+  it 'rejects duplicate sources and identifies the offending name' do
+    entries.push({ 'ja' => 'source', 'ain-Kana' => 'another' })
+    write_document
+
+    expect { locale.save! }.to raise_error(described_class::Error, /duplicate source.*source/)
+    expect(Locale.exists?(code: 'ain-Kana')).to be(false)
+  end
+
+  it 'rejects duplicate targets even when a source is missing' do
+    entries.push({ 'ja' => 'missing', 'ain-Kana' => 'レ_ハイタ' })
+    write_document
+
+    expect { locale.save! }.to raise_error(described_class::Error, /duplicate target.*レ_ハイタ/)
+    expect(Locale.exists?(code: 'ain-Kana')).to be(false)
+  end
+
+  it 'rolls back names and histories if a later certified name is invalid' do
+    create(:tag, primary_name: 'second')
+    entries.push({ 'ja' => 'second', 'ain-Kana' => 'nico:invalid' })
+    write_document
+    original_versions = TagVersion.order(:id).map(&:attributes)
+
+    expect { locale.save! }.to raise_error(described_class::Error, /nico:invalid/)
+
+    expect(Locale.exists?(code: 'ain-Kana')).to be(false)
+    expect(TagName.where(language_code: 'ain')).to be_empty
+    expect(TagVersion.order(:id).map(&:attributes)).to eq(original_versions)
+  end
+
+  it 'does not add names or versions on repeated completion' do
+    write_document
+    locale.save!
+    original_names = TagName.order(:id).map(&:attributes)
+    original_versions = TagVersion.order(:id).map(&:attributes)
+
+    TagNameCompletion.for_locale!(locale)
+
+    expect(TagName.order(:id).map(&:attributes)).to eq(original_names)
+    expect(TagVersion.order(:id).map(&:attributes)).to eq(original_versions)
+  end
+end

backend/spec/services/post_bulk_creator_spec.rb

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 require 'rails_helper'
 
 RSpec.describe PostBulkCreator do
-  include_context 'English locale'
+  include_context 'Ainu locale'
 
   it 'limits workers to two and keeps failures in their request slots' do
     locale = Locale.nipponese
@@ -67,8 +67,7 @@ RSpec.describe PostBulkCreator do
     expect(results[3].dig(:post, :id)).to eq(4)
   end
 
-  it 'passes a future English locale to preflight and creation in every worker' do
-    pending '日本語以外の Locale 有効化は別課題で実装する'
+  it 'passes a future Ainu locale to preflight and creation in every worker' do
     locale
     actor = instance_double(User, id: 123)
     allow(User).to receive(:find).with(123).and_return(actor)

backend/spec/services/post_create_plan_spec.rb

@@ -11,23 +11,22 @@ RSpec.describe PostCreatePlan do
   end
 
   context 'with an explicit locale' do
-    include_context 'English locale'
+    include_context 'Ainu locale'
 
     it 'resolves the matching language identity and its parents' do
-      pending '日本語以外の Locale 有効化は別課題で実装する'
       locale
-      english_name = create(:tag_name, name: 'shared_name',
-                                      language_code: 'en', script_code: 'Latn')
-      english = create(:tag, primary_tag_name: english_name, category: :character)
+      ainu_name = create(:tag_name, name: 'shared_name',
+                                      language_code: 'ain', script_code: 'Kana')
+      ainu = create(:tag, primary_tag_name: ainu_name, category: :character)
+      primary_tag_name_for(ainu, 'ja').update!(name: 'ainu_in_japanese', auto_generated: false)
       nipponese = create(:tag, primary_name: 'temporary_nipponese', category: :general)
-      # The DB permits this identity; validation has its own contract spec.
-      primary_tag_name_for(nipponese, 'ja').update_columns(name: 'shared_name')
-      english_parent_name = create(:tag_name, name: 'english_parent',
-                                            language_code: 'en', script_code: 'Latn')
-      english_parent = create(:tag, primary_tag_name: english_parent_name,
+      primary_tag_name_for(nipponese, 'ja').update!(name: 'shared_name')
+      ainu_parent_name = create(:tag_name, name: 'ainu_parent',
+                                            language_code: 'ain', script_code: 'Kana')
+      ainu_parent = create(:tag, primary_tag_name: ainu_parent_name,
                                     category: :material)
       nipponese_parent = create(:tag, primary_name: 'nipponese_parent', category: :general)
-      TagImplication.create!(tag: english, parent_tag: english_parent)
+      TagImplication.create!(tag: ainu, parent_tag: ainu_parent)
       TagImplication.create!(tag: nipponese, parent_tag: nipponese_parent)
 
       plan = described_class.new(attributes: { tags: 'shared_name' }).build!(locale)
@@ -35,35 +34,34 @@ RSpec.describe PostCreatePlan do
       expect(plan[:direct_tag_specs]).to eq(
           [{ name: 'shared_name', category: :character }])
       expect(plan[:post_tag_specs]).to include(
-          { name: primary_tag_name_for(english_parent, 'en').name, category: :material })
+          { name: primary_tag_name_for(ainu_parent, 'ain').name, category: :material })
       expect(plan[:post_tag_specs].pluck(:name))
           .not_to include(primary_tag_name_for(nipponese_parent, 'ja').name)
     end
 
     it 'resolves aliases within the requested language' do
-      pending '日本語以外の Locale 有効化は別課題で実装する'
       locale
       nipponese = create(:tag, primary_name: 'nipponese_canonical')
-      english_name = create(:tag_name, name: 'english_canonical',
-                                      language_code: 'en', script_code: 'Latn')
-      english = create(:tag, primary_tag_name: english_name, category: :character)
+      ainu_name = create(:tag_name, name: 'ainu_canonical',
+                                      language_code: 'ain', script_code: 'Kana')
+      ainu = create(:tag, primary_tag_name: ainu_name, category: :character)
       nipponese_alias = create(:tag_name, :alias, name: 'shared_alias',
                                                   tag: nipponese)
-      english_alias = create(:tag_name, :alias, name: 'shared_alias',
-                                               tag: english,
-                                               language_code: 'en', script_code: 'Latn')
+      ainu_alias = create(:tag_name, :alias, name: 'shared_alias',
+                                               tag: ainu,
+                                               language_code: 'ain', script_code: 'Kana')
 
       expect(nipponese_alias.reload).to have_attributes(
           tag_id: nipponese.id,
           primary_flg: false, language_code: 'ja')
-      expect(english_alias.reload).to have_attributes(
-          tag_id: english.id,
-          primary_flg: false, language_code: 'en')
+      expect(ainu_alias.reload).to have_attributes(
+          tag_id: ainu.id,
+          primary_flg: false, language_code: 'ain')
 
       plan = described_class.new(attributes: { tags: 'shared_alias' }).build!(locale)
 
       expect(plan[:direct_tag_specs]).to eq(
-          [{ name: english_name.name, category: :character }])
+          [{ name: ainu_name.name, category: :character }])
     end
   end
 

backend/spec/services/post_creator_spec.rb

@@ -77,11 +77,10 @@ RSpec.describe PostCreator do
   end
 
   context 'with an explicit locale' do
-    include_context 'English locale'
+    include_context 'Ainu locale'
 
     [false, true].each do |planned|
       it "passes locale to tag creation with planned attributes: #{ planned }" do
-        pending '日本語以外の Locale 有効化は別課題で実装する'
         locale
         attributes = {
             title: 'Locale propagation',
@@ -96,9 +95,10 @@ RSpec.describe PostCreator do
         post = described_class.new(actor:, attributes:).create!(locale)
 
         expect(Tag).to have_received(:find_or_create_by_tag_name!)
-            .with(locale, 'locale_character', category: :character).at_least(:once)
-        tag_name = TagName.find_by!(language_code: 'en', name: 'locale_character')
-        expect(tag_name).to have_attributes(script_code: 'Latn', primary_flg: true)
+            .with(locale, 'locale_character', category: :character,
+                  created_by_user: actor).at_least(:once)
+        tag_name = TagName.find_by!(language_code: 'ain', name: 'locale_character')
+        expect(tag_name).to have_attributes(script_code: 'Kana', primary_flg: true)
         expect(post.tags).to include(tag_name.tag)
       end
     end

backend/spec/services/shared_resource_id_allocator_mysql_spec.rb

@@ -141,6 +141,40 @@ RSpec.describe 'Shared resource IDs across MySQL connections', type: :model do
     result(first)
   end
 
+  [false, true].each do |inner_rollback|
+    [false, true].each do |outer_rollback|
+      it "keeps savepoint=#{ inner_rollback } lock through outer rollback=#{ outer_rollback }" do
+        connection = ApplicationRecord.connection
+        database = connection.pool.db_config.database
+        lock_name = "btrc:ids:#{ Digest::SHA256.hexdigest(database)[0, 16] }:tags"
+        quoted_lock = connection.quote(lock_name)
+        owner = connection.select_value('SELECT CONNECTION_ID()').to_i
+
+        connection.transaction do
+          connection.transaction(requires_new: true) do
+            create_resource(:external)
+            raise ActiveRecord::Rollback if inner_rollback
+          end
+
+          expect(connection.select_value("SELECT IS_USED_LOCK(#{ quoted_lock })").to_i)
+              .to eq(owner)
+          contender = worker do |other|
+            other.select_value("SELECT GET_LOCK(#{ quoted_lock }, 0)").to_i
+          end
+          expect(result(contender)).to eq(0)
+
+          SharedResourceIdAllocator.lock_space!(ExternalTag, 'tags')
+          raise ActiveRecord::Rollback if outer_rollback
+        end
+
+        expect(connection.select_value("SELECT IS_FREE_LOCK(#{ quoted_lock })").to_i)
+            .to eq(1)
+        expect(ExternalTag.exists?(name: "#{ @prefix }_external"))
+            .to eq(!inner_rollback && !outer_rollback)
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
   it 'raises on a real lock acquisition failure without inserting a record' do
     first, (_id, _connection_id, lock_name) = hold_creation(:external, rollback: true)
     stub_const('SharedResourceIdAllocator::LOCK_TIMEOUT', 0)

backend/spec/services/shared_resource_id_allocator_spec.rb

@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ RSpec.describe SharedResourceIdAllocator, 'lock lifecycle' do
   let(:record) { build(:external_tag) }
   let(:connection) { double('connection') }
   let(:transaction) { double('transaction', open?: true) }
-  let(:callbacks) { { } }
+  let(:callbacks) { [] }
   let(:sql) { [] }
 
   before do
@@ -128,19 +128,24 @@ RSpec.describe SharedResourceIdAllocator, 'lock lifecycle' do
       end
     end
     allow(ExternalTag).to receive(:connection).and_return(connection)
-    allow(ExternalTag).to receive(:current_transaction).and_return(transaction)
+    allow(connection).to receive(:current_transaction).and_return(transaction)
+    allow(connection).to receive(:add_transaction_record) { callbacks << _1 }
+    allow(connection).to receive(:disconnect!)
     allow(ExternalTag).to receive(:uncached).and_yield
-    [:after_commit, :after_rollback].each do |event|
-      allow(transaction).to receive(event) { |&callback| callbacks[event] = callback }
-    end
   end
 
-  [:after_commit, :after_rollback].each do |event|
+  def finish_transaction event
+    allow(transaction).to receive(:open?).and_return(false)
+    callbacks.shift.public_send(event)
+    allow(transaction).to receive(:open?).and_return(true)
+  end
+
+  [:committed!, :rolledback!].each do |event|
     it "holds the shared lock until #{ event }" do
       described_class.assign!(record)
       expect(record.id).to eq(9)
       expect(sql.grep(/RELEASE_LOCK/)).to be_empty
-      callbacks.fetch(event).call
+      finish_transaction(event)
       expect(sql.grep(/RELEASE_LOCK/).size).to eq(1)
     end
   end
@@ -155,7 +160,7 @@ RSpec.describe SharedResourceIdAllocator, 'lock lifecycle' do
   it 'releases a successfully acquired lock when allocation fails and rolls back' do
     allow(connection).to receive(:select_all).and_raise('query failed')
     expect { described_class.assign!(record) }.to raise_error(RuntimeError, 'query failed')
-    callbacks.fetch(:after_rollback).call
+    finish_transaction(:rolledback!)
     expect(sql.grep(/RELEASE_LOCK/).size).to eq(1)
   end
 
@@ -164,18 +169,17 @@ RSpec.describe SharedResourceIdAllocator, 'lock lifecycle' do
     described_class.assign!(record)
     expect(record.id).to eq(50)
     expect(sql.grep(/FOR UPDATE/)).to be_empty
-    callbacks.fetch(:after_commit).call
+    finish_transaction(:committed!)
   end
 
   it 'uses the same named lock within each space and different locks between spaces' do
     locks = [Tag, ExternalTag, TagDescription, TagGroup, TagDescriptionVersion, TagGroupVersion].map do |model|
       allow(model).to receive(:connection).and_return(connection)
-      allow(model).to receive(:current_transaction).and_return(transaction)
       allow(model).to receive(:uncached).and_yield
       record = model.new(id: 50)
       described_class.assign!(record)
       statement = sql.grep(/GET_LOCK/).last
-      callbacks.fetch(:after_commit).call
+      finish_transaction(:committed!)
       statement
     end
     expect(locks[0]).to eq(locks[1])
@@ -187,7 +191,21 @@ RSpec.describe SharedResourceIdAllocator, 'lock lifecycle' do
   it 'reports lock release failures' do
     described_class.assign!(record)
     allow(connection).to receive(:select_value).with(/RELEASE_LOCK/).and_return(nil)
-    expect { callbacks.fetch(:after_commit).call }
+    expect { finish_transaction(:committed!) }
         .to raise_error(ActiveRecord::ActiveRecordError, /lock release failed/)
+    expect(connection).to have_received(:disconnect!)
+  end
+
+  it 'keeps the lock and transfers cleanup when a savepoint rolls back' do
+    described_class.assign!(record)
+    callbacks.shift.rolledback!
+
+    expect(callbacks.size).to eq(1)
+    expect(sql.grep(/RELEASE_LOCK/)).to be_empty
+    described_class.assign!(record)
+    expect(sql.grep(/GET_LOCK/).size).to eq(1)
+
+    finish_transaction(:committed!)
+    expect(sql.grep(/RELEASE_LOCK/).size).to eq(1)
   end
 end

backend/spec/services/tag_name_completion_spec.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
+require 'rails_helper'
+
+RSpec.describe TagNameCompletion do
+  let(:author) { create(:user, :member) }
+  let!(:language) { Language.create!(code: 'ain', name: 'ain') }
+  let!(:script) { Script.create!(code: 'Kana', name: 'Kana') }
+  let(:locale) do
+    Locale.create!(code: 'ain-Kana', language_code: 'ain', script_code: 'Kana',
+                   region_code: 392, variants: '', name: 'ain-Kana')
+  end
+
+  it 'generates a phonetic primary with the required identity and provenance' do
+    tag = create(:tag, primary_name: '漢字あカ')
+
+    locale
+
+    expect(tag.reload.tag_name('ain')).to have_attributes(
+        name: 'カンチ_ア_カ', language_code: 'ain', script_code: 'Kana',
+        primary_flg: true, auto_generated: true, tag_id: tag.id)
+  end
+
+  it 'uses the exact fallback when the input cannot be converted' do
+    tag = create(:tag, primary_name: '😀')
+
+    locale
+
+    expect(tag.reload.name('ain')).to eq("Tag_##{ tag.id }")
+  end
+
+  it 'uses the exact fallback when a generated name collides with a human name' do
+    other = create(:tag, primary_name: 'other')
+    create(:tag_name, tag: other, name: 'AbC', language_code: 'ain', script_code: 'Kana')
+    tag = create(:tag, primary_name: 'AbC')
+
+    locale
+
+    expect(tag.reload.name('ain')).to eq("Tag_##{ tag.id }")
+    expect(other.reload.name('ain')).to eq('AbC')
+  end
+
+  it 'uses the exact fallback for a transcription that fails name validation' do
+    tag = create(:tag, primary_name: 'base')
+    source = TagName.new(name: 'nico:invalid', language_code: 'ja')
+
+    expect(TagName.generate_name(locale, tag, source)).to eq("Tag_##{ tag.id }")
+  end
+
+  it 'preserves human confirmation and is idempotent across repeated completion' do
+    locale
+    tag = Tag.find_or_create_by_tag_name!(Locale.nipponese, 'あいぬ', category: :general)
+    primary = tag.tag_name('ain')
+    primary.update!(name: 'human_confirmed', auto_generated: false)
+    snapshot = tag.tag_names.order(:id).map(&:attributes)
+
+    2.times { described_class.for_tag!(tag) }
+
+    expect(tag.tag_names.order(:id).map(&:attributes)).to eq(snapshot)
+  end
+
+  it 'creates one primary per active language through the production creation path' do
+    locale
+
+    tag = Tag.find_or_create_by_tag_name!(Locale.nipponese, 'アイヌ', category: :general)
+
+    expect(tag.tag_names.where(primary_flg: true).pluck(:language_code, :name))
+        .to contain_exactly(['ja', 'アイヌ'], ['ain', 'アイヌ'])
+    expect(Tag.find_or_create_by_tag_name!(locale, 'アイヌ', category: :general)).to eq(tag)
+  end
+
+  ['ja', 'ain'].each do |language|
+    it "records one authored create with all names for a #{ language } origin" do
+      ainu_locale = locale
+      origin = language == 'ja' ? Locale.nipponese : ainu_locale
+      tag = nil
+
+      expect {
+        tag = Tag.find_or_create_by_tag_name!(origin, 'アイヌ', category: :general,
+                                             created_by_user: author)
+      }.to change(TagVersion, :count).by(1)
+
+      version = tag.tag_versions.sole
+      expect(version).to have_attributes(
+          event_type: 'create', version_no: 1, created_by_user_id: author.id)
+      expect(tag.reload.version_no).to eq(1)
+      expect(version.names).to eq(
+          'ja' => { 'name' => 'アイヌ', 'script_code' => 'Jpan',
+                    'auto_generated' => language != 'ja', 'aliases' => [] },
+          'ain' => { 'name' => 'アイヌ', 'script_code' => 'Kana',
+                     'auto_generated' => language != 'ain', 'aliases' => [] })
+
+      expect {
+        described_class.for_tag!(tag, created_by_user: author)
+        found = Tag.find_or_create_by_tag_name!(origin, 'アイヌ', category: :general,
+                                               created_by_user: author)
+        expect(found).to eq(tag)
+        TagVersioning.record_tag_snapshot!(tag, created_by_user: author)
+      }.not_to change(TagVersion, :count)
+      expect(version.reload.created_by_user_id).to eq(author.id)
+    end
+  end
+
+  it 'records the author even when no additional language needs completion' do
+    tag = build(:tag, primary_name: 'single_language_creation')
+
+    described_class.for_tag!(tag, created_by_user: author)
+
+    expect(tag).to be_persisted
+    expect(tag.tag_versions.sole).to have_attributes(
+        event_type: 'create', version_no: 1, created_by_user_id: author.id)
+    expect(tag.tag_versions.sole.names.keys).to eq(['ja'])
+  end
+
+  it 'rolls back a new tag and all names when its create history fails' do
+    locale
+    author
+    before_counts = [Tag.count, TagName.count, TagVersion.count]
+    allow(TagVersioning).to receive(:record!).and_raise('history failed')
+
+    expect {
+      Tag.find_or_create_by_tag_name!(Locale.nipponese, 'atomic_new_history',
+                                     category: :general, created_by_user: author)
+    }.to raise_error('history failed')
+
+    expect([Tag.count, TagName.count, TagVersion.count]).to eq(before_counts)
+    expect(TagName.where(name: 'atomic_new_history')).to be_empty
+  end
+end

backend/spec/services/tag_name_transcription_spec.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+require 'rails_helper'
+
+RSpec.describe TagNameTranscription do
+  {
+      'AbCdXYZ' => 'AbCdXYZ',
+      'あいぬ' => 'アイヌ',
+      'アイヌ' => 'アイヌ',
+      '日本語' => 'ニチホンコ',
+      '漢字' => 'カンチ',
+      '漢あカ' => 'カン_ア_カ',
+      '漢字あいうカナ' => 'カンチ_アイウ_カナ',
+      'Ab漢あカZ' => 'Abカン_ア_カZ',
+      'りゃリュリョ' => 'リヤ_リユリヨ',
+      'キャット' => 'キヤット',
+      'コーヒー' => 'コヒ',
+      'コウコオケイケエカア' => 'コウコオケイケエカア',
+      'ガギグゲゴダヂヅデド' => 'カキクケコタチチュテト',
+      'バビブベボパピプペポ' => 'パピプペポパピプペポ',
+      'ザジズゼゾ' => 'チャチチュチェチョ',
+      'ジャジュジョ' => 'チャチュチョ',
+      'アㇰアㇱアッアンアㇺアㇷ゚' => 'アㇰアㇱアッアンアㇺアㇷ゚',
+      'アㇻイㇼウㇽエㇾオㇿ' => 'アㇻイㇼウㇽエㇾオㇿ',
+      '漢Aあ' => 'カンAア' }.each do |source, expected|
+    it "transcribes #{ source } as #{ expected }" do
+      expect(described_class.ainu(source)).to eq(expected)
+    end
+  end
+
+  { '😀' => '', 'ヴ' => '', 'ティ' => 'テ', 'ㇵ' => '',
+    '魑' => '', '𠮷' => '', 'ー' => '', '々' => '',
+    'ア😀😀イ' => 'ア_イ', '😀アイ😀' => 'アイ',
+    '_😀_' => '__', 'ア_😀_イ' => 'ア___イ', '漢魑字' => 'カン_チ' }.each do |source, expected|
+    it "preserves convertible portions of #{ source }" do
+      expect(described_class.ainu(source)).to eq(expected)
+    end
+  end
+end

backend/spec/services/tag_version_recorder_spec.rb

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 require 'rails_helper'
 
 RSpec.describe TagVersionRecorder do
-  include_context 'English locale'
+  include_context 'Ainu locale'
 
   let(:user) { create_member_user! }
   let!(:tag) { create(:tag, primary_name: '日本語名') }
@@ -17,11 +17,11 @@ RSpec.describe TagVersionRecorder do
                     { 'name' => 'alias_z', 'script_code' => 'Jpan' }] }
   end
 
-  def prepare_english_names!
+  def prepare_ainu_names!
     locale
-    primary_tag_name_for(tag, 'en').update!(name: 'English name', auto_generated: false)
-    create(:tag_name, :alias, tag:, language_code: 'en', script_code: 'Latn',
-                              name: 'English alias')
+    primary_tag_name_for(tag, 'ain').update!(name: 'Ainu name', auto_generated: false)
+    create(:tag_name, :alias, tag:, language_code: 'ain', script_code: 'Kana',
+                              name: 'Ainu alias')
   end
 
   it 'snapshots the Nipponese primary and sorted aliases in grouped names' do
@@ -62,40 +62,37 @@ RSpec.describe TagVersionRecorder do
   end
 
   it 'snapshots future languages together without a request locale argument' do
-    pending '日本語以外の Locale 有効化は別課題で実装する'
-    prepare_english_names!
+    prepare_ainu_names!
 
-    version = described_class.record!(tag:, event_type: :create, created_by_user: user)
+    version = described_class.record!(tag:, event_type: :update, created_by_user: user)
 
     expect(version.names).to eq(
         'ja' => nipponese_snapshot,
-        'en' => { 'name' => 'English name', 'script_code' => 'Latn',
+        'ain' => { 'name' => 'Ainu name', 'script_code' => 'Kana',
                   'auto_generated' => false,
-                  'aliases' => [{ 'name' => 'English alias', 'script_code' => 'Latn' }] })
+                  'aliases' => [{ 'name' => 'Ainu alias', 'script_code' => 'Kana' }] })
   end
 
-  it 'creates a version for an English-only change and preserves prior names' do
-    pending '日本語以外の Locale 有効化は別課題で実装する'
-    prepare_english_names!
-    original = described_class.record!(tag:, event_type: :create, created_by_user: user)
-    primary_tag_name_for(tag, 'en').update!(name: 'Renamed')
+  it 'creates a version for an Ainu-only change and preserves prior names' do
+    prepare_ainu_names!
+    original = described_class.record!(tag:, event_type: :update, created_by_user: user)
+    primary_tag_name_for(tag, 'ain').update!(name: 'Renamed')
 
     updated = described_class.record!(tag:, event_type: :update, created_by_user: user)
 
-    expect(updated.version_no).to eq(2)
-    expect(original.reload.names.fetch('en')).to include('name' => 'English name')
-    expect(updated.names.fetch('en')).to include('name' => 'Renamed')
+    expect(updated.version_no).to eq(original.version_no + 1)
+    expect(original.reload.names.fetch('ain')).to include('name' => 'Ainu name')
+    expect(updated.names.fetch('ain')).to include('name' => 'Renamed')
     expect(updated.names.fetch('ja')).to eq(nipponese_snapshot)
   end
 
   it 'does not create a version for an unchanged multilingual snapshot' do
-    pending '日本語以外の Locale 有効化は別課題で実装する'
-    prepare_english_names!
-    described_class.record!(tag:, event_type: :create, created_by_user: user)
+    prepare_ainu_names!
+    original = described_class.record!(tag:, event_type: :update, created_by_user: user)
 
     unchanged = described_class.record!(tag:, event_type: :update, created_by_user: user)
 
-    expect(unchanged.version_no).to eq(1)
-    expect(tag.reload.tag_versions.count).to eq(1)
+    expect(unchanged.version_no).to eq(original.version_no)
+    expect(tag.reload.tag_versions.count).to eq(original.version_no)
   end
 end

backend/spec/support/ainu_locale_contract.rb

@@ -1,19 +1,22 @@
 RSpec.shared_context 'Ainu locale contract' do
-  let(:ainu_locale) { instance_double(Locale, language_code: 'ain', script_code: 'Jpan') }
+  let(:ainu_locale) do
+    instance_double(Locale, language_code: 'ain', script_code: 'Kana', deprecated_at: nil)
+  end
 
   before do
-    # Only the foreign-key reference is seeded; no Locale or enum is enabled.
+    # Keep description contracts independent of locale activation and backfill.
     Language.connection.execute(<<~SQL)
       INSERT IGNORE INTO languages (code, name, created_at)
       VALUES ('ain', 'Ainu', CURRENT_TIMESTAMP)
     SQL
+    Script.find_or_create_by!(code: 'Kana') { _1.name = 'Kana' }
     allow(Locale).to receive(:find_by).and_call_original
-    allow(Locale).to receive(:find_by).with(code: 'ain').and_return(ainu_locale)
+    allow(Locale).to receive(:find_by).with(code: 'ain-Kana').and_return(ainu_locale)
   end
 
   def add_ainu_name tag, name
     TagName.insert_all!([{
-        tag_id: tag.id, language_code: 'ain', script_code: 'Jpan', name:,
+        tag_id: tag.id, language_code: 'ain', script_code: 'Kana', name:,
         primary_flg: true, auto_generated: false,
         created_at: Time.current, updated_at: Time.current }])
     tag.tag_names.reset

backend/spec/support/auth_helper.rb

@@ -1,4 +1,16 @@
 module AuthHelper
+  def cookie_headers(user)
+    env = Rails.application.env_config.merge(Rack::MockRequest.env_for('/'))
+    endpoint = lambda do |request_env|
+      ActionDispatch::Request.new(request_env).session[:inheritance_code] = user.inheritance_code
+      [200, {}, []]
+    end
+    store = ActionDispatch::Session::CookieStore.new(
+        endpoint, Rails.application.config.session_options)
+    headers = ActionDispatch::Cookies.new(store).call(env)[1]
+    { 'Cookie' => Array(headers['set-cookie']).map { _1.split(';').first }.join('; ') }
+  end
+
   def sign_in_as(user)
     allow_any_instance_of(ApplicationController)
       .to receive(:current_user).and_return(user)

backend/spec/support/locale_context.rb

@@ -1,22 +1,17 @@
-RSpec.shared_context 'English locale' do
-  def prepare_english_reference!
-    Language.find_or_create_by!(code: 'en') { _1.name = 'English' }
-    Script.find_or_create_by!(code: 'Latn') { _1.name = 'Latin' }
-    region_class = Class.new(ApplicationRecord) { self.table_name = 'regions' }
-    region_class.find_or_create_by!(code: 826) do |record|
-      record.alpha_code = 'GB'
-      record.name = 'United Kingdom'
-    end
+RSpec.shared_context 'Ainu locale' do
+  def prepare_ainu_reference!
+    Language.find_or_create_by!(code: 'ain') { _1.name = 'ain' }
+    Script.find_or_create_by!(code: 'Kana') { _1.name = 'Kana' }
   end
 
   let(:locale) do
-    prepare_english_reference!
-    Locale.find_or_create_by!(code: 'en') do |record|
-      record.language_code = 'en'
-      record.script_code = 'Latn'
-      record.region_code = 826
+    prepare_ainu_reference!
+    Locale.find_or_create_by!(code: 'ain-Kana') do |record|
+      record.language_code = 'ain'
+      record.script_code = 'Kana'
+      record.region_code = 392
       record.variants = ''
-      record.name = 'English'
+      record.name = 'Ainu'
     end
   end
 end