backend/app/models/user_ip.rb

@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
 class UserIp < ApplicationRecord
+  self.primary_key = :user_id, :ip_address_id
+
   belongs_to :user
   belongs_to :ip_address
 

backend/db/migrate/20260127000900_change_user_ips_to_composite_pk.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+class ChangeUserIpsToCompositePk < ActiveRecord::Migration[8.0]
+  def up
+    execute <<~SQL
+      ALTER TABLE
+        user_ips
+          MODIFY COLUMN id BIGINT NOT NULL
+      ;
+    SQL
+
+    execute <<~SQL
+      ALTER TABLE
+        user_ips
+          DROP PRIMARY KEY
+      ;
+    SQL
+
+    remove_column :user_ips, :id
+
+    execute <<~SQL
+      ALTER TABLE
+        user_ips
+          ADD PRIMARY KEY (user_id, ip_address_id)
+      ;
+    SQL
+
+    remove_index :user_ips, name: 'index_user_ips_on_user_id'
+  end
+
+  def down
+    execute <<~SQL
+      ALTER TABLE
+        user_ips
+          DROP PRIMARY KEY
+      ;
+    SQL
+
+    execute <<~SQL
+      ALTER TABLE
+        user_ips
+          ADD COLUMN id BIGINT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT FIRST
+        , ADD PRIMARY KEY (id)
+      ;
+    SQL
+
+    add_index :user_ips, :user_id, name: 'index_user_ips_on_user_id'
+  end
+end

backend/db/schema.rb

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
 #
 # It's strongly recommended that you check this file into your version control system.
 
-ActiveRecord::Schema[8.0].define(version: 2026_01_26_124100) do
+ActiveRecord::Schema[8.0].define(version: 2026_01_27_000900) do
   create_table "active_storage_attachments", charset: "utf8mb4", collation: "utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci", force: :cascade do |t|
     t.string "name", null: false
     t.string "record_type", null: false
@@ -144,13 +144,12 @@ ActiveRecord::Schema[8.0].define(version: 2026_01_26_124100) do
     t.index ["tag_name_id"], name: "index_tags_on_tag_name_id", unique: true
   end
 
-  create_table "user_ips", charset: "utf8mb4", collation: "utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci", force: :cascade do |t|
+  create_table "user_ips", primary_key: ["user_id", "ip_address_id"], charset: "utf8mb4", collation: "utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci", force: :cascade do |t|
     t.bigint "user_id", null: false
     t.bigint "ip_address_id", null: false
     t.datetime "created_at", null: false
     t.datetime "updated_at", null: false
     t.index ["ip_address_id"], name: "index_user_ips_on_ip_address_id"
-    t.index ["user_id"], name: "index_user_ips_on_user_id"
   end
 
   create_table "user_post_views", charset: "utf8mb4", collation: "utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci", force: :cascade do |t|